Means for developing healthy lifestyles in preschoolers. Formation of a healthy lifestyle in children of senior preschool age

Dear parents!

Currently, one of the priority tasks facing teachers is to preserve health children in the process of education and training.

Problem early formation culture health is relevant, timely and quite complex. It is up to the age of 7 that a person goes through a huge developmental path that is not repeated throughout the subsequent years. life. It is during this period that there is intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body, the formation of basic personality traits, attitude towards oneself and others. It is important at this stage to form a base of knowledge and practical skills in children healthy image life, a realized need for systematic physical education and sports.

What does it depend on? child health? Health depends 20% on hereditary factors, 20% on environmental conditions, i.e. ecology, 10% on the activities of the health care system, and 50% on the person himself, on lifestyle which he leads. If for the first 50% health we, educators, we cannot influence, then we can and should give the other 50% to our students.

Since under healthy lifestyle refers to active human activity aimed at preserving and improving health, then this activity should include such components as proper nutrition, rational physical activity, hardening the body and maintaining a stable psycho-emotional state. These are the components that should be included in the foundation of a healthy lifestyle for a preschooler.

Basic aspects of a healthy lifestyle for a child preschool age :

Optimal motor mode

It is necessary that children have the opportunity to move systematically. To do this, it is necessary to promote the development main motor qualities, maintain performance at a high level throughout the day. However, it must be taken into account that healthy lifestyle for preschoolers involves alternating active and quiet games, so a reasonable balance between physical activity and rest must be maintained.

Forms of organization health work are: independent activity of children, outdoor games, morning exercises, motor health-improving physical training minutes, exercise after nap, physical exercises combined with hardening procedures, walks, sports holidays, health procedures in the aquatic environment (pool).

Personal hygiene

Hygienic culture is as important for a person as the ability to speak, write, and read. It is important that the child has learned that in his body there are no organs, sections that are unnecessary or ugly, that all parts of the body must be equally constantly taken care of and, first of all, kept clean. Accustom your child to the fact that he has his own comb, his own bed, his own handkerchief, his own towel, his own toothbrush. Bring children to understand that keeping the body clean is important not only for protecting personal health, but also health of others.

Organize training not only in the classroom, but also in everyday life life, when situations arise that prompt children to make a decision on this problem. It is necessary to pay serious attention to cultural and hygienic skills, to form habits of proper washing, wiping, caring for the oral cavity, using a handkerchief, and proper behavior when coughing and sneezing.

Hardening

Hardening is one of the most effective methods increasing the resistance of the child’s body to sudden fluctuations in air temperature and, most importantly, so-called colds. For hardening, environmental factors are used - air, water, sun. Basic The principle of hardening is the gradual exposure of the body to training factors, the development of endurance to impacts of increasing strength and duration.

There are several mandatory rules:

Firstly, any hardening procedures must be carried out systematically. If they are not carried out regularly, the body cannot develop the necessary reactions. Hardening cannot be carried out as if for future use. If hardening procedures are stopped (usually in the cold season), the body's resistance decreases. Therefore, if conditions associated with the season of the year change, hardening procedures should not be canceled, but simply changed slightly.

Secondly, the principle of gradual increase in the strength of the irritating effect should be observed. This is necessary for the body to successfully adapt to changing conditions. Graduality is especially important when hardening young children age, whose body is not able to quickly respond to cold factors.

Thirdly, it is very important to take into account individual characteristics baby, his reaction to the stimuli used. Hardening can only be carried out with a positive attitude child for the procedure.

Condition must be taken into account child's health, features of its higher nervous activity. Hardening of weakened and frequently ill children should be carried out more carefully.

Prevention of diseases in preschool children

In winter, children are more likely to get sick from various diseases than in the warm season. colds. In order to keep the number of diseases to a minimum, special preventive measures are taken.

Prevention of childhood colds includes immunization of children, taking vitamin, homeopathic and other medications that help increase children's immunity; systematic ventilation, quartz treatment and wet cleaning of premises; hardening of children; regular exercise and walks in the fresh air.

Significant impact on child health influences the indoor air environment. Children's need for clean and fresh air is very great, since their high frequency and small volume of respiratory movements are combined with a high need for oxygen. Plays a major role in the prevention of diseases of the respiratory system and vocal apparatus. correct breathing- through the nose. When breathing through the nose, the air, before entering the larynx, bronchi and lungs, passes through the narrow, winding nasal passages, where it is cleansed of dust, germs and other harmful impurities, moistened and warmed. This does not happen when breathing through your mouth.

Prevention of damage and injury in preschool children

Only through joint efforts kindergarten and families can achieve a reduction in the level of child injuries!

In early childhood (1-3 years) main in development baby is the desire for independent knowledge of the surrounding reality. Basic motor skills in children age(walking, climbing, running) are in their infancy. Damage in this age are caused by insufficient development of simple motor skills and inability to navigate the environment.

In children in age At 4-6 years of age, the initial forms of self-awareness are formed, the desire to independently satisfy one’s needs and to act without the help of adults appears. However, the lack of knowledge about the environment and their own experience is the reason why children undertake actions that they have not yet fully mastered, which are still too complex for them, which leads to their injury.

Physical development baby is essential in preventing injury. It has been established that well-physically developed children, dexterous and with good coordination of movements, rarely get injured. Therefore, it is necessary to pay significant attention to the physical education of children. Considering that the source of injury is often baby becomes a peer, it is important to instill in children a sense of humanity and kindness towards others, including other children.

Particular importance should be given to developing children's skills safe behavior. For this purpose, it is possible to conduct thematic games and activities in which children learn skills handling scissors, needles, others

household cutting and sharp objects, stories and pictures are discussed that show some traumatic situations from children's lives.

Daily regime

Correct, appropriate depending on the age of the child, the regime improves health, ensures performance, successful implementation various activities, protects against overwork. U baby accustomed to a strict routine, the need for food, sleep, and rest occurs at certain intervals and is accompanied by rhythmic changes in the activity of all internal organs. The body, as it were, adjusts in advance to the upcoming activity.

During the day, activity and performance baby is not the same. Their rise is noted at 8-12 hours and 16-18 hours, and the period of minimum performance occurs at 14-16 hours. It is no coincidence, therefore, that activities that cause pronounced fatigue in children are planned in the first half of the day, during hours of optimal performance.

Proper physical education combined with a hygienic daily routine, sufficient sleep and reasonable nutrition is the key to normal height and development baby.

Proper nutrition

In children's age The role of nutrition is especially great when a food stereotype is formed and the typological characteristics of an adult are laid. That is why, from properly organized nutrition in children's age depends largely on the condition health.

Balanced diet children is one of main environmental factors that determine normal development baby. It has a direct impact on vital activity, height, condition child's health, increases resistance to various adverse effects. Due to the importance of such a component of nutrition as regularity, on weekends and holidays Parents should be advised to adhere to the same meal schedule as in preschool institution.

Subject:Formation of rules

healthy lifestyle

in preschoolers

INTRODUCTION

A healthy lifestyle is for children what the foundation is for a building. The stronger the foundation, the higher the building can be built; The more care you take about a child’s physical education, the greater success he will achieve in general development, in science, in the ability to work and be a useful person for society.

At no other age is health so closely related to general education, as in the first seven years. During the period of preschool childhood (from birth to seven years), the foundations of health, longevity, comprehensive motor readiness and harmonious physical development are laid in the child.

Research by domestic and foreign scientists has long established that human health depends only 7-8% on the success of healthcare and 50% on lifestyle.

A great contribution to the development of issues related to a child’s healthy lifestyle was made by I.I. Brekhman, V.A. Sukhomlinsky, N.K. Krepskaya, E.N. Weiner, Ya.L. Markhotsky, V.A. Shishkina and many others.

Caring for the health of children and their physical development begins with instilling in them a love of cleanliness, neatness, and order. “One of the most important tasks of a kindergarten,” wrote N.K. Krupskaya, - to instill in children skills that strengthen their health. WITH early childhood We need to teach children to wash their hands before eating, eat from a separate plate, walk clean, cut their hair, shake out their clothes, dry their feet, not drink raw water, eat on time, sleep on time, spend more time in the fresh air, etc.”

The main tasks in creating a healthy lifestyle are protecting and strengthening the child’s health, developing the child’s ideas about himself, the structure of his body, feelings and thoughts; training in knowledge, skills, and habits for maintaining a healthy lifestyle; teaching the child to objectively evaluate the positive and negative phenomena of our life to act depending on the situation; hardening of the child's body; formation of correct posture, vital motor actions and cultural and hygienic skills and abilities, achievement of full physical development.

Raising children healthy, strong, cheerful is the task not only of parents, but of everyone preschool, since children spend most of the day there too. For this purpose, physical education classes are provided, which should be structured in accordance with the psychological characteristics of a particular age, the availability and appropriateness of exercises.

That is why the outstanding Soviet teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky so rightly noted: “I am not afraid to repeat again and again: caring for health is the most important work of an educator. Their spiritual life, worldview, mental development, strength of knowledge, and self-confidence depend on the cheerfulness and vigor of children.”

Therefore, it is extremely important to correctly form a healthy lifestyle at this age, which will allow the baby’s body to accumulate strength and ensure in the future not only full physical, but also mental development.

The significance of this issue is that the harmonious development of any state is impossible without strong, comprehensively developed people who make up its society. And such important human data as strength, will, endurance, health, cheerfulness, physical activity are instilled precisely in childhood, no matter how beautiful a flower is, if it is not watered in the bud, it will never be destined to bloom.

Thus, the health of children is of great importance for the future of the entire society and therefore the goal of my work is to study issues related to the problem of creating a healthy lifestyle.

states using facial expressions and gestures; appreciate your body; know the basic rules of caring for him; establish connections between the structure of an organ and its purpose, between one’s condition and ways of caring for oneself and the world around us. Learn to dress and undress independently, fasten buttons, lace shoes, carefully fold and put clothes away; politely ask a peer or adult for help.

2.Continue to form a stable habit of the regime motor activity; tell that a person is a living organism, in order to live, it is necessary to actively move, this is what human organs are designed for: legs, arms. Torso, head. Talk about health (how you can know and change yourself, how to find your path to health); introduce disease prevention: self-massage, hardening, proper breathing, alternating active movement and rest.

3. With the help of an adult, establish a connection between the actions performed, habits and the state of the body, mood, and well-being. “I will run like my dad to stay healthy and strong.” “I brush my teeth properly every day, which means they won’t hurt.”

4. Develop perseverance and determination in caring for your body, physical education and health activities.

5.Talk about the Rules of the Road.

6.Talk about the rules of first aid for injuries and frostbite: if your face is frozen in the cold, rub it lightly with a scarf, but not with snow; your feet are cold - jump, move your toes; If you wet your feet, change into dry clothes.

7.Talk about the culture of food, the rules of behavior at the table, the sequence of dressing, washing, and hygiene rules; teach rational methods of self-care. Learn to wash your hands, face, and neck yourself; After washing, rinse off soap suds from the sink and tap.

8. Tell them how to sit at the table, how to use a fork and spoon correctly. Eat carefully. Don’t rush, don’t get distracted, don’t play with cutlery. Don’t stuff your mouth, don’t talk with your mouth full, don’t slurp your bread. Cookies from a shared plate, but do not change what you took; do not disturb other children; use a napkin. Calmly leave the table and say “thank you.”

9. Talk about germs. Demonstrate the need to use soap and water. Teach to take care of the health of others: cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when sneezing and coughing; if you are sick, do not go to kindergarten.

Senior group.

1. Expand the child’s knowledge about himself, his name, surname, age, hereditary characteristics of the body, body type, gait, reaction to certain foods; tell what the heart is for, why it beats, what ears are needed for. Eyes as we move. Let's breathe. We communicate with other people. Represent in general terms human development: baby, preschooler, schoolchild, mother, grandmother, distinguish gender by appearance.

2. Treat your body with care, be aware of the purpose of individual organs and the conditions for their normal functioning. “I have a wonderful skeleton assistant, he helps me stand, sit and protects me. internal organs: heart, liver, lungs from damage, so you need to take care of it, learn to fall correctly on skis, on skates.

3. Introduce different types of hardening, breathing, and corrective gymnastics. Using examples of literary heroes, show ways to take care of your health and body. Talk about the mode of activity and rest, the need to plan your time, about health-improving gymnastics, a walk at any time. weather conditions. Consciously perform physical exercises, understanding their importance for health.

4.Tell that you should not throw stones and snowballs on the street, or walk near houses when the snow is melting (icicles may fall off); You can’t tease animals, you need to beware of stray dogs and cats.

5.Form a system of ideas about the culture of human life; introduce the basic rules of etiquette, behavior, nutrition, and communication at the table.

Preparatory group.

1.Form a positive assessment and self-image; pay attention to your appearance.

2.Talk about ways a person can take care of his body, about the troubles that await a person who does not follow the rules of life safety. Introduce children to the feelings and moods of a person, show how they are reflected on his face (fear, fatigue, resentment, joy, fear, laughter).

3. Talk about rational rest, develop a strong habit of sports, physical education, and exercise.

4.Talk about the basic rules for safe behavior on the street and indoors.

5.Talk about human qualities: neatness, sociability, pugnacity, kindness, perseverance, politeness, good manners, talent, strength.

6. Learn to take care of yourself, monitor your well-being after physical activity; independently follow hygiene rules, control the quality of washing hands, feet, necks; be able to rest and relax; Eat correctly and gracefully, sit comfortably at the table, do not lean back in your chair, do not place your elbows, and use cutlery.

This differentiation of tasks guarantees accessibility for children and the creation; Thus, the environment is favorable for every child to learn the norms and rules of a healthy lifestyle.

To form a healthy image in preschoolers, special exercises that strengthen the health of children and a system of physical education are necessary. For this purpose, morning exercises are carried out daily in kindergarten groups, the purpose of which is to create a vigorous, cheerful mood in children, improve health, develop dexterity, and physical strength. Morning exercises and special physical education classes in the gym are accompanied by music, which “has a beneficial effect on emotional sphere senior preschooler, promotes good mood children, shapes their ideas about a healthy lifestyle.”

Outdoor games are of great importance for the formation of preschool children’s ideas about a healthy lifestyle. They are carried out in groups, on special classes, during walks and at intermediate intervals between classes. Outdoor games are necessarily included in music classes. Games younger preschoolers organized by the teacher, and at older ages such games are most often organized by the children themselves.

In addition to daily morning exercises, special physical education classes are conducted for preschool children. Their goal is to teach children the correct execution of movements, various exercises aimed at developing body coordination and increasing independent motor activity. Classes are held in a special hall and are accompanied by music. The formation of a healthy lifestyle for preschool children is closely related to the protection of their life and health. The rules for protecting the life and health of a child are set out in special instructions and methodological letters for preschool workers. In the kindergarten, medical monitoring of children's health is constantly carried out, and preventive measures are taken to strengthen it.

Organization of work in preschool educational institutions to promote a healthy lifestyle

preschoolers.

Caring for the health of children has become a priority all over the world. Today it is important for us, adults, to form and maintain an interest in children’s health. In kindergarten, a child lives a third of his preschool life. And this life is organized by the employees of the preschool educational institution. And the health status of children depends to a large extent on how it is organized. Preschool teachers createdevelopment environment for children. For the full physical development of children in preschool educational institutions, the following conditions have been created:

*sports and music hall

*sports ground mini-stadium

*motor angles in groups

Non-standard equipment (balls, hoops, sandbags, skis, ropes, skittles). All this allows you to include in your work large group children, which ensures high motor density of activities. The territory of the kindergarten is equipped with: sports, volleyball, basketball courts, color markings are applied to increase the motor activity of children during walks.

I have introduced massage paths made from buttons into the practice of my work. different sizes, polyethylene stoppers.

Developing interest in different types sport is carried out throughsports work:

*morning exercises

*corrective gymnastics after sleep

*sport games

*sports activities, holidays

*outdoor games while walking

Strengthening health and hardening the body goes through different types ofhealth work:

* breathing exercises

*corrective gymnastics (flat feet, posture)

A variety of physical activities have a positive effect on physical development children;

*game

*plot

*walk hike

*relay competitions

Creation of a physical education and play environment determined by the program objectives of comprehensive education of children. The variety of physical education equipment makes it possible to productively use manuals in physical education classes different types, in organized games and exercises while walking, during gymnastics after a nap. One of the important requirements for the selection of equipment is to ensure the safety of children when using it. Each benefit must be strong and stable. To prevent injuries during physical education, the equipment is well secured and there are gymnastic mats.

With the help of equipment and aids, the correct implementation of various physical training complexes is ensured, as well as the targeted formation of various physical qualities.

The equipment is located in such a way that children can easily approach it and use it independently.

Combining different benefits into specific complexes: obstacle course, play and massage paths, fences, houses. Creating novelty by changing portable equipment and using new aids. The development of movements and the education of motor activity in preschoolers is carried out during walks. At our preschool institution, we have well-equipped areas where children spend time. Each walk can have a specific content. So, for a walk I am planning a series of outdoor games, a relay race, a gathering natural material for further work with him in a group, competition. I carry out work on developing a healthy lifestyle for children in preschool settings, through classes, routines, games, walks, individual work, and independent activities.

The following are usedmethodical techniques:

* stories and conversations of the teacher;

*memorizing poems;

* modeling of various situations;

* examination of illustrations, plot, subject pictures, posters;

* role-playing games;

* didactic games;

* games-trainings;

*outdoor games;

*finger and breathing exercises;

* physical education minute

Conclusion.

The main goal of modern society is the formation of healthy lifestyle habits, the creation of all necessary and favorable conditions starting from preschool age for the future formation of a healthy and physically strong personality.

Thus, from an early age it is necessary to involve the child in family and public education to a healthy lifestyle, to develop in the child the skills of protecting personal health and caring for the health of others.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop in preschoolers knowledge of how to maintain and strengthen their health, healthy lifestyle skills, and the ability to carry out physical education and physical activity. At the same time, it is necessary to purposefully work with children to instill value orientations towards the spiritual and physical development of the individual, a healthy lifestyle, the formation of needs and desires to improve their health, since the most valuable thing a person has is life, the most valuable thing in life is health.

Caring for the formation of healthy lifestyle habits in a child should begin with ensuring a clearly established daily routine, creating optimal hygienic conditions, proper nutrition, performing daily morning exercises, hardening the body, which contributes to the correct formation of the physical qualities of the child’s body, and the prevention of various diseases.

Teachers working to develop healthy lifestyle habits in preschoolers should work in close collaboration with the child’s family and organize activities to encourage healthy lifestyles in such a way that children find it interesting.

The educational process should be considered in parallel with the health process, since harmonious development, along with the realization of the intellectual potential of the individual, forms spirituality, orientation and physical health individual.

Bibliography

1. Valueology: Textbook / Ya.L. Markhotsky. - Mn.: Higher. school, 2006.

2. To kindergarten - for health: a manual for teachers providing preschool education / V.A. Shishkina., 2006

3. Weiner E.N. Valeology: Textbook for universities. - M.: Flinta: Science, 2001. -

4. Fundamentals of valeology and school hygiene: Textbook / M.P. Doroshkevich, M.A. Nashkevich, D.M. Muravyova, V.F. Blueberry. - 2nd edition - Mn.: Higher. school, 2004.

5. Narskin G.I. // Physical rehabilitation and health promotion of preschool children: A manual for teachers of preschool institutions. 2002..

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The task of early formation of a culture of health is relevant, timely and quite complex. How to strengthen and maintain the health of our children? How to promote the formation of a child’s physical culture? How to instill healthy lifestyle skills? When should this start? Preschool age is decisive in the formation of the foundation of physical and mental health. After all, it is up to the age of seven that intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body occurs, the main personality traits are laid, and character is formed. It is important at this stage to form in children a base of knowledge and practical skills of a healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports.

The study of children's health problems is of particular relevance in our time.

The art of living long consists, first of all, in learning to take care of your health from childhood. What is missed in childhood is difficult to make up for. Therefore, the priority direction in preschool education today is to increase the level of children’s health, develop their healthy lifestyle skills (HLS), as well as a sustainable need for regular physical exercise.

Data from various studies show that recently the number of healthy preschoolers has decreased by 5 times and constitutes only 10% of the number of children entering school.

It should be noted that children lack physical qualities (perseverance, the ability to exert themselves without harming their health, to simply correct their emotional state, to switch from one activity to another), that is, those indicators that are closely related to self-education. Consequently, there is a need to create a system of work in which health-improving activities were integrated into educational ones, which ultimately contributed to the preservation and strengthening of the child’s physical and mental health and the formation of healthy lifestyle habits.

Today, preserving and strengthening children's health is one of the main strategic objectives of the country's development. It is regulated and ensured by such regulatory and legal documents as the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” (Article 51), “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, as well as Decrees of the President of Russia “On Urgent Measures to Ensure the Health of the Population” Russian Federation", "On approval of the main directions of state social policy to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation", etc.

Health is not only the absence of disease, it is a state of optimal performance, creative output, emotional tone, that which creates the foundation for the future well-being of an individual.

Therefore, the main tasks for improving the health of children in kindergarten are the formation of their ideas about health as one of the main values of life, the formation of a healthy lifestyle. Teachers must teach the child the right choice in any situation, only what is beneficial to health and avoid everything harmful. Instill in a child from an early age the right attitude towards his health, a sense of responsibility for it. These tasks must be solved by creating a holistic system to preserve the physical, mental and social well-being of the child.

Particular attention should be paid to the following components of a healthy lifestyle:

Physical education classes, walks.
Rational nutrition, observance of personal hygiene rules: hardening, creating conditions for good sleep

Proper nutrition ensures the normal course of growth and development of the body, as well as maintaining health. Proper nutrition is of great importance for the development of the child’s body, in the prevention and treatment of many diseases.

The next factor in a healthy lifestyle is hardening. Almost everyone knows the saying: “Sun, air and water are our best friends.” And indeed, the use of these natural forces of nature, the use of reasonable, rational, leads to the fact that a person becomes hardened and successfully resists unfavorable environmental factors - hypothermia and overheating. Hardening - effective remedy strengthening human health. The success and effectiveness of hardening is possible only if a number of principles are observed:

Graduality;

Systematicity;

Complexity;

Taking into account individual characteristics.

Mental hardening also stimulates physiological protective mechanisms: immunity, the function of the endocrine glands. Speaking about positive emotions, one should also remember that in pedagogy, encouragement is considered a more effective lever of influence on a child than punishment. By encouraging a child, we preserve and strengthen his health

friendly attitude towards each other, development of listening and speaking skills, ability to distinguish lies from truth
respect for the environment and nature
medical education, timely visits to the doctor, implementation of various recommendations
formation of the concept “don’t harm yourself”

Physical education and health activities include:

Creating a system of physical activity during the day:

morning exercises (daily);
physical education classes (3 times a week);
musical and rhythmic classes (2 +2 times a week);
walks including outdoor games;
health jogging (daily);
finger gymnastics(daily during special periods)
visual, breathing, corrective gymnastics in appropriate classes)
health-improving gymnastics after a nap (daily);
physical education minutes and breaks (during sedentary activities, daily);
emotional release, relaxation;
walking on massage mats, sand, pebbles (barefoot walking);
sports activities, entertainment, holidays (1 time per month)

It is necessary to maintain and strengthen the health of children.

A child’s need for health and a healthy lifestyle is also formed on the basis of ideas about himself, his physical and personal capabilities, about what is harmful to health and what is beneficial. For example, it is harmful not to brush your teeth, not to cut your nails, not to do gymnastics. Children acquire this knowledge in special classes in our kindergarten.

Objectives of work on developing a healthy lifestyle for preschool children:

to form the idea that being healthy is good and being sick is bad; about some signs of health;
develop healthy behavior skills: love to move, eat more vegetables and fruits; wash your hands after every contamination; don't get angry or worry; be friendly; spend more time in the fresh air; follow the regime;
help to master sustainable behavioral skills;
develop the ability to talk about your health and the health of loved ones;
develop skills of correct posture;
enrich children's knowledge about physical education movement in general;
develop artistic interest

Sports and theatrical festival "Heroic Competitions"

(For children of the preparatory group)

Goals: to teach to convey an emotional state in motion, to enter into an imaginary situation, to develop children’s organizational skills, perseverance in achieving goals, to expand the area of communication and interaction, to promote the development of thinking, imagination, and creative abilities.

Sports equipment and supplies: children's chairs, large balls, dumbbells, sticks, ribbons, benches, 2 brooms, Balloons, stands, 2 basins of water, apples, “Hut on Chicken Legs.”

Characters: presenter - physical education instructor, Ilya Muromets, Baba Yaga, Elena the Wise (jury)

Presenter - Hello, friends!

Children - hello!

Presenter - how are you feeling?

Children are great!

Presenter - shall we play?

Children - yes!

V. - I propose to organize heroic competitions today - let the boys show us their strength and prowess! Tell me! - who is the most important hero - Ilya Muromets. That's where we'll go to visit! Do you agree? Then we take our seats (the children sit on chairs arranged in a checkerboard pattern).

V. - in order to grow and harden, let's play sports! Get busy, kids! IN bon voyage- Physical training!

Dance sitting and standing on chairs.

(Music sounds, Ilya Muromets enters).

THEM. - you are guests, you are good fellows, heroes of our land! Hello to you, and a low bow from me to I.M., and to my comrades - Dobrynya Nikitich, and Alyosha Popovich. And a low bow to you, beautiful girls. I heard about strong, mighty heroes and decided to test your heroic strength. Let's stand, heroes, opposite each other, and warm up before the serious competition.

V. - is everyone here? Is everyone healthy? Are you ready to run and play? Well, then don’t yawn, don’t be lazy! Get ready to warm up!

Warm up with dumbbells.

THEM. - and now we need to come up with names for the teams. Let there be “Bogatyrs” on the left, and “Good fellows” on the right. I propose that our competition be judged by the wisest Vasilis the Wise. (members of the jury - head of the childcare center, methodologist, speech therapist, psychologist).

THEM. - What is a hero without a horse? Now we will see how our fellows know how to stay in the saddle. Bring me my war horse. You need to ride around that mound on horseback and come back.

Hop racing.

THEM. - what fairy tales do you know? And my favorite fairy tale is "The Frog - the Traveler." The next competition is called:

"Frog traveler"

THEM. - Guess the riddle?

"No arms, no legs
Walks and no traces are visible" (fish)

The following competition is called:

"The Fisherman and the Fishes"

(in 30 seconds you need to catch as many fish as possible)

THEM. - Now let’s check your strength, heroes!

Take down your opponent's hand.

V. - Ilya Muromets, you asked us riddles, and now we will tell you riddles.

"ABC of movements"

(look, think and guess the letter)

THEM. - For a long time, heroes fought with evil spirits. Well, tell me who they are?

(music plays, Baba Yaga appears)

Baba Yaga - hello, kids, girls and boys! Here I am! I would like to offer you such a competition!

Running in a mortar with a broom, overcoming obstacles.

Baba Yaga - and now I want to test how brave you are. Don’t be afraid of the snake Gorynych, then let’s begin!

Fight with the Serpent Gorynych.

V. - I invite you all to the “Fun Training”:

Kolobok
Engine
Soldier
Palms
Cheerful little devil
Heron
Pump

THEM. - Well, I’m convinced: you have plenty of strength and dexterity, which means it’s time to go to a serious test. Koschey the Immortal imprisoned all the Beautiful Helens in his prison. We need to help them out! But before you hit the road, you need to refresh yourself with rejuvenating apples.

Rejuvenating apples.

(children take turns running up to a basin of water, take out an apple from there without using their hands and return to their team)

V. - and now, in order to relax and take a breath, I suggest doing exercises for the fingers, which are called:

"Wise".

THEM. - and now the most difficult test. We must penetrate the kingdom of Koshcheevo and free Elen the Beautiful!

Obstacle course with cards.

THEM. - Well, well done, heroes. They showed their heroic strength and brave prowess. Come out Elena the Beautiful, you are free. Let us dance and delight our eyes with your beauty!

Step aerobics.

(performing by Elena the Beautiful - girls of the senior group)

THEM. - Elena the Wise, a word to you (words, awards, medals)

Baba Yaga - I invite everyone to the "Tavern on Chicken Legs"!

(children leave the gym and go to the art studio)

Children - “Hut, hut, turn your front to me and your back to the forest.”

Hut - here is my order, listen to the order, in a dozen and a half phrases. Smile! Look away! Get down on the floor! Turn on your side, close your mouth and remain silent. Hands patted, feet stomped. And now everyone stood up together and became cheerful again.

Baba Yaga - come in, dear guests, relax, sit, and use your mind.

Baba Yaga - I want to check how attentive you are children? Answer “I” to all questions, but listen carefully:

Who loves chocolate?
Who loves marmalade?
Who loves pears?
Who doesn't wash their ears?

Baba Yaga - oh, what a wonderful day, shouldn’t we listen to a song!

Song "We will serve in the army."

Baba Yaga -

In general, dear boys,
We'll tell you a secret:
Better than you in this world
Of course there is no one!

Baba Yaga - now sit down comfortably and try my pies and drink.

As a result of the work done on the programs, I received the following results:

Children have developed motor experience, children have mastered imitative movements, an interest in motor activity has appeared, they have learned to implement motor creativity and improvisation in games, which allows us to talk about the development of fantasy.

The incidence of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, and upper respiratory tract infections in children has decreased, and the attendance of children in the group has increased.

The final examination of children by pediatricians showed that when children left kindergarten for school, their health groups changed.

Children do not have deviations from the normal, age-appropriate level of physical development.

The proposed ways to improve the physical health of preschool children are effective and can significantly increase the level of physical health and psychological readiness for school.

Literature.

Author: Zolotykh Iraida Nikolaevna - physical education instructor, Belgorod region, Gubkin, MDOU "Combined kindergarten N2 "Chamomile".
Author: Alfiya Rizvanovna Ismagilova, teacher, I qualification category, Municipal Autonomous Preschool educational institution"Kindergarten No. 358 of a combined type with education and training in the Tatar language" of the Volga region of Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan.

Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children

Preschool age is an important and responsible period. During this period, there is a restructuring of the functioning of various systems of the child’s body, so it is extremely necessary to do everything possible to promote in children of this age the habits and needs for a healthy lifestyle, maintaining and strengthening their health. This is one of the priority tasks facing parents and teachers. It is at this time that we need to begin forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle for preschoolers.

A healthy lifestyle for preschoolers: what it should be

Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children

It should be noted that it is currently celebrated low level knowledge about the value of their parents’ health and the health of their children. As you know, health most often depends on lifestyle, a little less on environment. Heredity and the state of health care in the country have a much lesser impact on the health of a generation. Therefore, the task of parents and teachers is to instill in preschoolers respect for their own health and the responsibility to take care of it. And start forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers as early as possible.

During the preschool period, there is intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body. It is very important at this time to provide children with a certain base of knowledge and practical skills of a healthy lifestyle, to create the need for regular and systematic physical education and sports.

Since a healthy lifestyle is understood as active human activity aimed at maintaining and improving health, this activity should include such components as proper nutrition, rational physical activity, hardening the body and maintaining a stable psycho-emotional state. It is these components that should form the basis of a healthy lifestyle for a preschooler.

Regime, child's daily routine

Mainly in the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers and the correct attitude towards their health in preschoolers are appropriate games, watching films, cartoons, reading and discussion fiction, quizzes, walking tours, health days, sports events. It is precisely such events that are most interesting for children, and in this process it is more productive to form the right attitude to a healthy lifestyle in preschool children.

In the course of physical education and health work, namely physical education minutes, health minutes, motor exercises, elements of relaxation, etc., the physical, mental and moral qualities of children are laid, independence and creativity are nurtured.

It is necessary to pay serious attention to cultural and hygienic skills, to form habits of proper washing, wiping, caring for the oral cavity, using a handkerchief, and proper behavior when coughing and sneezing.

It is necessary that children have the opportunity to move systematically. To do this, you need to promote the development of basic motor skills and maintain performance at a high level throughout the day. However, it must be taken into account that a healthy lifestyle for preschoolers involves alternating active and quiet games, so a reasonable balance between physical activity and rest must be maintained.

Forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers: what parents need to know

Healthy lifestyle for preschoolers

Preschool age, according to experts, is crucial in creating the foundation for a child’s mental and physical health. Just before the age of seven, the most intensive formation of the child’s body occurs. At the same time, character and habits are actively being formed, and the life priorities of the individual are being laid. That is why it is very, very important during these years to actively instill in children the basic knowledge, skills and habits of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers.

In the modern educational process, the priority direction in the upbringing of preschool children is to increase the level of children’s health, develop healthy lifestyle skills, as well as foster the need for regular exercise and acquiring new knowledge. It is worth noting that at this age preschoolers lack such qualities as:

Perseverance,

Control and correction of emotions and mood,

Ability to quickly switch from one activity to another.

Therefore, the task before adults, teachers and, first of all, parents is to form in a little person these skills that will help preserve and strengthen the physical and mental health of the baby.

Parents of a preschooler need to learn that the child’s health is not only the absence of illness, emotional tone and poor performance, but also laying the foundations for the future well-being of the child’s personality. Based on this, the main direction for improving the health of preschool children is to develop in preschoolers an idea of health as one of the fundamental values of life. Kindergarten teachers and parents at home must constantly teach the child correct behavior in various life circumstances, be prepared for unforeseen situations. During this period, the child must clearly understand what is good and useful, and what is harmful and bad.

Parents and grandparents must constantly instill in their children the correct attitude towards their health and responsibility for it. This direction in the upbringing of a preschooler should be resolved by creating a holistic system for preserving the physical, mental and social well-being of the child.

Parents need to pay special attention to the following components of a healthy lifestyle for preschoolers:

Maintaining daily routine, activity and sleep.

Physical activity, walks, outdoor games.

Proper, healthy nutrition.

Maintaining hygiene rules. Instilling in a child a love of physical cleanliness. Learning to take care of your body.

Hardening. Forming the body’s ability to withstand adverse natural factors.

The main tasks for parents to form the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers:

Hygiene and hardening of preschool children

The formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers should be carried out constantly, without weekends and holidays.

From infancy, a child must learn that being healthy is good and being sick is bad. To always be healthy, he must follow certain rules and not do things that could lead to illness or injury.

The baby always follows the lifestyle of his elders, mom and dad. Therefore, parents, first of all, should lead a healthy lifestyle and not set a bad example for their child.

Thus, an integrated approach to creating a culture of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers will instill in them the necessary habits and skills that will be the basis for their future lives.

Municipal budgetary educational institution "Zaitsevorechenskaya secondary school"

Self-education work

Subject: Formation of rules

Healthy lifestyle

in preschoolers

Completed by the teacher:

Popkova Anastasia Vladimirovna

s.p. Zaitseva Rechka

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...3

2. ………..…....5

3. Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children: what parents need to know…………………………………………………………….…………………......7

4. Age-related features of the formation of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children………….…………………………………………..….10

5. Objectives, content and forms of organizing familiarization of preschoolers with the basics of a healthy lifestyle………………………………………………………...12

6.Organization of work in preschool educational institutions to promote a healthy lifestyle

Preschoolers. …………………………………………………………………17

7. Conclusion. …………………………………………………………………...20

8. Literature………………………………………………………………………………21

9. Test tasks……………………………………………………………..22

INTRODUCTION

At no other age is health so closely connected with general education as in the first seven years. During the period of preschool childhood (from birth to seven years), the foundations of health, longevity, comprehensive motor readiness and harmonious physical development are laid in the child.

Research by domestic and foreign scientists has long established that human health depends only 7-8% on the success of healthcare and 50% on lifestyle.

Caring for the health of children and their physical development begins with instilling in them a love of cleanliness, neatness, and order. “One of the most important tasks of a kindergarten,” wrote N.K. Krupskaya, - to instill in children skills that strengthen their health. From early childhood, children should be taught to wash their hands before eating, eat from a separate plate, walk clean, cut their hair, shake out their clothes, wipe their feet, not drink raw water, eat on time, sleep on time, be more in the fresh air, etc.”

Raising children healthy, strong, cheerful is the task not only of parents, but also of every preschool institution, since children spend most of the day there. For this purpose, physical education classes are provided, which should be structured in accordance with the psychological characteristics of a particular age, the availability and appropriateness of exercises.

The significance of this issue is that the harmonious development of any state is impossible without strong, comprehensively developed people who make up its society. And such important human characteristics as strength, will, endurance, health, cheerfulness, physical activity are instilled in childhood, no matter how beautiful the flower is, and if it is not watered in the bud, it will never be destined to bloom.

Thus, the health of children is of great importance for the future of the entire society and therefore the goal of my work is to study issues related to the problem of creating a healthy lifestyle.

A healthy lifestyle for preschoolers: what it should be

It should be noted that currently there is a low level of knowledge about the value of parents’ own health and the health of their children. As you know, health most often depends on lifestyle, and a little less on the environment. Heredity and the state of health care in the country have a much lesser impact on the health of a generation. Therefore, the task of parents and teachers is to instill in preschoolers respect for their own health and the responsibility to take care of it. And start forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers as early as possible.

Mainly in the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers and the correct attitude towards their health in preschoolers are appropriate games, watching films, cartoons, reading and discussing fiction, quizzes, walking, health days, sports events. It is precisely such events that are most interesting for children, and in this process it is more productive to form the necessary attitude towards a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers.

Forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers: what parents need to know

Perseverance,

Control and correction of emotions and mood,

Ability to quickly switch from one activity to another.

Therefore, the task before adults, teachers and, first of all, parents is to form in a little person these skills that will help preserve and strengthen the physical and mental health of the baby.

Parents of a preschooler need to learn that the child’s health is not only the absence of illness, emotional tone and poor performance, but also laying the foundations for the future well-being of the child’s personality. Based on this, the main direction for improving the health of preschool children is to develop in preschoolers an idea of health as one of the fundamental values of life. Kindergarten teachers and parents at home must constantly teach the child the correct behavior in various life circumstances and be prepared for unforeseen situations. During this period, the child must clearly understand what is good and useful, and what is harmful and bad.

Parents need to pay special attention to the following components of a healthy lifestyle for preschoolers:

Maintaining daily routine, activity and sleep.

Physical activity, walks, outdoor games.

Proper, healthy nutrition.

Maintaining hygiene rules. Instilling in a child a love of physical cleanliness. Learning to take care of your body.

Hardening. Forming the body’s ability to withstand adverse natural factors.

The main tasks for parents to form the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers:

The formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers should be carried out constantly, without weekends and holidays.

From infancy, a child must learn that being healthy is good and being sick is bad. To always be healthy, he must follow certain rules and not do things that could lead to illness or injury.

The baby always follows the lifestyle of his elders, mom and dad. Therefore, parents, first of all, should lead a healthy lifestyle and not set a bad example for their child.

Thus, an integrated approach to creating a culture of a healthy lifestyle in preschoolers will instill in them the necessary habits and skills that will be the basis for their future lives.

Age-related features of the formation of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children.

Preschool age is characterized by the rapid development of basic functional systems that contribute to the creation of a stable level of adaptation and ensure the health of the child throughout his subsequent development. During preschool childhood, “profound” changes in metabolism occur, which are associated with the maximum frequency of childhood infections and pose a serious danger to children’s health. But even a healthy preschooler needs careful care and participation from the adults around him. This is due to the fact that a child’s health develops throughout his life.

A child’s attitude towards his health directly depends on the formation of this concept in his consciousness. In preschool children, the following age-related prerequisites can be identified for the stable formation of ideas about a healthy lifestyle.

Mental processes are actively developing;

Positive changes in physical and functional development, children try to maintain and demonstrate correct posture;

Children of senior preschool age are able to independently carry out household tasks, have self-service skills, and make volitional efforts to achieve their goals in play and physical activity.

At the same time, it should be taken into account that everyone age period is characterized by its own characteristics, which should be taken into account when working to create a healthy lifestyle.

Children of primary preschool age understand what illness is, but they still cannot give the most basic characteristics of health.

In middle preschool age, children develop an idea of health as “not being sick.” They talk about how they were sick, they have symptoms negative attitude to the disease based on their experience. When asked what to do to avoid getting sick. Many children answer that you need to avoid catching a cold, don’t eat ice cream on the street, and don’t get your feet wet. It follows from these answers. That in middle preschool age children begin to recognize health threats from the external environment (cold, rain, draft), as well as from their own actions (eating ice cream, getting their feet wet).

In older preschool age, thanks to increasing personal experience, attitudes towards health are changing significantly. Children begin to correlate physical education with improving health and in its definition (as, in fact, adults) put the physical component in first place. At this age, children are still intuitive. They begin to highlight both the mental and social components of health (“everyone there was screaming so much and I got a headache.” With targeted upbringing, training, and consolidation in Everyday life hygiene rules, corresponding motivation for physical education, children’s attitude towards their health changes significantly. The formation of an attitude towards health as the greatest value in life becomes the basis for developing in children the need for a healthy lifestyle.

So, activity, curiosity, mobility, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the mobility of nervous processes, susceptibility to infectious diseases, colds, and allergic reactions in preschool children are important prerequisites for the formation of a healthy lifestyle, which allows us to introduce and teach children correct attitude to your health and interaction with the outside world. At the same time, each age period is characterized by its own characteristics, which should be taken into account when working to create a healthy lifestyle.

Objectives, content and forms of organization of familiarizing preschool children with the basics of a healthy lifestyle.

The tasks and content of educating preschool children are multifaceted. A special place among them is occupied by problems

Formation of a healthy lifestyle, because The full development of the child depends on the effectiveness of solving these problems.

For each age group In the process of forming a healthy lifestyle, its own tasks are set.

Junior group.

1.Form an idea of yourself as an individual person; introduce ways to take care of yourself and the world around you; show patterns of social behavior.

2.Introduce the rules of execution physical exercise(listen carefully to the signal, wait for each other, do not push, coordinate your actions with the actions of your partner, control and coordinate movements).

3.Talk about the rules of behavior on the streets of a village or city: cross the street on green color traffic lights only hold hands with adults, move along right side sidewalk, do not bump into passers-by, carefully look under your feet and forward.

4. Talk about sources of danger in the apartment and group room; explain the “no” rule.

5. talk about table manners; introduce objects and actions related to the performance of hygienic processes: washing, bathing, body care, appearance, cleanliness of the home.

Middle group.

1.Continue to identify your name with yourself; introduce the external parts of the body; give an idea of ways to express your states using facial expressions and gestures; appreciate your body; know the basic rules of caring for him; establish connections between the structure of an organ and its purpose, between one’s condition and ways of caring for oneself and the world around us. Learn to dress and undress independently, fasten buttons, lace shoes, carefully fold and put clothes away; politely ask a peer or adult for help.

2. Continue to form a stable habit of physical activity; tell that a person is a living organism, in order to live, it is necessary to actively move, this is what human organs are designed for: legs, arms. Torso, head. Talk about health (how you can know and change yourself, how to find your path to health); introduce disease prevention: self-massage, hardening, proper breathing, alternating active movement and rest.

4. Develop perseverance and determination in caring for your body, physical education and health activities.

5.Talk about the Rules of the Road.

Senior group.

2. Treat your body with care, be aware of the purpose of individual organs and the conditions for their normal functioning. “I have a wonderful skeleton assistant, it helps me stand, sit and protects the internal organs: heart, liver, lungs from damage, so I need to take care of it, learn how to fall correctly on skis and skates.

3. Introduce different types of hardening, breathing, and corrective gymnastics. Using examples of literary heroes, show ways to take care of your health and body. Talk about the mode of activity and rest, the need to plan your time, about health-improving gymnastics, walking in any weather conditions. Consciously perform physical exercises, understanding their importance for health.

5.Form a system of ideas about the culture of human life; introduce the basic rules of etiquette, behavior, nutrition, and communication at the table.

Preparatory group.

1.Form a positive assessment and self-image; pay attention to your appearance.

3. Talk about rational rest, develop a strong habit of sports, physical education, and exercise.

4.Talk about the basic rules for safe behavior on the street and indoors.

5.Talk about human qualities: neatness, sociability, pugnacity, kindness, perseverance, politeness, good manners, talent, strength.

This differentiation of tasks guarantees accessibility for children and the creation; Thus, the environment is favorable for every child to learn the norms and rules of a healthy lifestyle.

To form a healthy image in preschoolers, special exercises that strengthen the health of children and a system of physical education are necessary. For this purpose, morning exercises are carried out daily in kindergarten groups, the purpose of which is to create a vigorous, cheerful mood in children, improve health, develop dexterity, and physical strength. Morning exercises and special physical education classes in the gym are accompanied by music, which “has a beneficial effect on the emotional sphere senior preschooler, promotes children’s good mood, shapes their ideas about a healthy lifestyle.”

Outdoor games are of great importance for the formation of preschool children’s ideas about a healthy lifestyle. They are carried out in groups, in special classes, during walks and at intermediate intervals between classes. Outdoor games are necessarily included in music classes. Games for younger preschoolers are organized by the teacher, and at older ages such games are most often organized by the children themselves.

Organization of work in preschool educational institutions to promote a healthy lifestyle

preschoolers.

Caring for the health of children has become a priority all over the world. Today it is important for us, adults, to form and maintain an interest in children’s health. In kindergarten, a child lives a third of his preschool life. And this life is organized by the employees of the preschool educational institution. And the health status of children depends to a large extent on how it is organized. Preschool teachers createdevelopment environmentfor children. For the full physical development of children in preschool educational institutions, the following conditions have been created:

*sports and music hall

*sports ground mini-stadium

*motor angles in groups

Non-standard equipment (balls, hoops, sandbags, skis, ropes, skittles). All this allows you to include a large group of children in the work, which ensures high motor density of classes. The territory of the kindergarten is equipped with: sports, volleyball, basketball courts, color markings are applied to increase the motor activity of children during walks.

I introduced into the practice of my work massage paths made from buttons of different sizes and polyethylene plugs.

The development of interest in various sports is carried out throughsports work:

*morning exercises

*corrective gymnastics after sleep

*sport games

*sports activities, holidays

*outdoor games while walking

Strengthening health and hardening the body goes through different types ofhealth work:

* breathing exercises

*corrective gymnastics (flat feet, posture)

A variety of physical education activities have a positive effect on the physical development of children;

*game

*plot

*walk hike

*relay competitions

Creation of a physical education and play environmentdetermined by the program objectives of comprehensive education of children. The variety of physical education equipment makes it possible to productively use benefits in physical education classes of various types, in organized games and exercises while walking, during gymnastics after a nap. One of the important requirements for the selection of equipment is to ensure the safety of children when using it. Each benefit must be strong and stable. To prevent injuries during physical education, the equipment is well secured and there are gymnastic mats.

With the help of equipment and aids, the correct implementation of various physical training complexes is ensured, as well as the targeted formation of various physical qualities.

The equipment is located in such a way that children can easily approach it and use it independently.

Combining different benefits into specific complexes: obstacle course, play and massage paths, fences, houses. Creating novelty by changing portable equipment and using new aids. The development of movements and the education of motor activity in preschoolers is carried out during walks. At our preschool institution, we have well-equipped areas where children spend time. Each walk can have a specific content. So, for a walk, I am planning a series of outdoor games, a relay race, collecting natural material for further work with it in a group, and competitions. I carry out work on developing a healthy lifestyle for children in preschool settings, through classes, routines, games, walks, individual work, and independent activities.

The following are usedmethodical techniques:

* stories and conversations of the teacher;

*memorizing poems;

* modeling of various situations;

* examination of illustrations, plot, subject pictures, posters;

* role-playing games;

* didactic games;

* games-trainings;

*outdoor games;

*finger and breathing exercises;

*self-massage;

*physical education minutes.

Conclusion.

Thus, it is necessary from an early age to introduce a child to a healthy lifestyle through family and public education, to develop in the child the skills of protecting personal health and caring for the health of others.

The educational process should be considered in parallel with the health process, since harmonious development, along with the realization of the intellectual potential of the individual, forms the spirituality, orientation and physical health of the individual.

Bibliography

1. Valueology: Textbook / Ya.L. Markhotsky. - Mn.: Higher. school, 2006.

2. To kindergarten - for health: a manual for teachers providing preschool education / V.A. Shishkina., 2006

3. Weiner E.N. Valeology: Textbook for universities. - M.: Flinta: Science, 2001. -

4. Fundamentals of valeology and school hygiene: Textbook / M.P. Doroshkevich, M.A. Nashkevich, D.M. Muravyova, V.F. Blueberry. - 2nd edition - Mn.: Higher. school, 2004.

5. Narskin G.I. // Physical rehabilitation and health promotion of preschool children: A manual for teachers of preschool institutions. 2002..

Test tasks

1. Which instructional and methodological letter says that it is advisable to take advantage of integrated classes, which allow you to flexibly implement various types of children’s activities in the daily routine, as well as reduce the number of classes in general and their total duration?

1. “On federal sets of state educational standards preschool education»;

2. “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the design, maintenance and organization of the operating mode of preschool educational institutions”;

3. On hygiene requirements and the maximum load on preschool children in organized forms of education";

4. “On software and methodological support for preschool education - in the context of development pedagogy.”

2. What game tasks in physical education classes contribute to the development of visual-figurative thinking of a 4-5 year old child:

1. ball games;

2. performing exercises according to the teacher’s model;

3. performing exercises on a signal;

4. games with rules.

3. Who owns the statement: “A child “takes information” from an adult, learns methods of action, and looks at a peer like in a mirror, what am I like?”?:

1. A.S. Makarenko;

2. A.V. Zaporozhets;

3. N.K. Krupskaya;

4. S.A. Kozlova.

4. The main mechanism of competitive games that sets the entire game in motion is:

1. pedagogical leadership;

2. game rule;

3. game action;

4. didactic task.

5. Which of the requirements for the organization of a subject-development environment is highlighted by M.N. Polyakova?

1. compliance with age characteristics;

2. compliance with the goals and objectives of the educational program;

3. satisfying the child’s needs for novelty, transformation and self-affirmation;

4. respect for the child’s opinion.

6. A child is born with:

1. unconditioned reflexes;

2. conditioned reflexes;

3. acquired reflexes;

4. without reflexes.

7. What needs to be considered when prescribing a child’s regimen:

1. climatic conditions;

2. individual characteristics;

4. temperament.

8. Which instructional and methodological letter of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation states that classes for children of senior preschool age in the afternoon can be held after naps, but not more than 2-3 times a week?

1. “On hygiene requirements and maximum workload for preschool children in organized forms of education”;

2. “On software and methodological support for preschool education - in the context of development pedagogy”;

4. Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”.

9. Arch of the foot in most children early age formed to:

1. 2 years;

2. 2 years 6 months;

3. 3 years;

4. 3 years 6 months.

10. The first of the physiological curves of the spine to form:

1. cervical lordosis;

2. thoracic kyphosis;

3. lumbar lordosis;

4. all answers are correct.

11. Health group II includes

1. healthy children with no abnormalities;

2. children with chronic diseases in the subcompensation stage;

3. children with chronic diseases in the compensation stage;

4. children who have any functional abnormalities and are often ill.

12. What muscle group is the exercise for a child of the first year of life “squatting while holding a gymnastic stick” designed for?

1. abdominal muscles;

2. leg muscles;

3. arm muscles;

4. back muscles.

13. Running with wide steps is introduced into classes with children

1. seventh year of life;

2. fourth year of life;

3. fifth year of life;

4. sixth year of life.

14. Throwing a ball up and catching it with both hands is introduced into classes with children.

1. third year of life;

2. fourth year of life;

3. fifth year of life;

4. sixth year of life.

15. The merit of developing the foundations of rhythm in domestic pedagogy belongs to

1. M.A. Rumer;

2. E.V. Konorova;

3. V.A. Giner;

4. N.G. Alexandrova

16. The most important criterion for selecting children for the sports section

1. developed movement skills;

2. children's interest;

4. parents' wishes.

17. Games included in the new classification by S.L. Novoselova

1. educational games;

2. games that arise on the initiative of an adult;

3. sports games;

4. computer games.

18. The unity of the teacher’s theoretical and practical readiness for implementation pedagogical activity- This

1. pedagogical competence;

2. professional competence;

3. pedagogical culture;

4. pedagogical skill.

19. Point to new educational field compulsory part of the basic general education program of preschool education, which acted as an independent

1. physical culture;

2. health;

3. reading fiction;

4. music.

20. The ability to overcome external resistance or counteract it through muscular effort is

1. strength;

2. flexibility;

3. agility;

4. endurance.

21. Compliance of the level of development of motor skills and abilities with the regulatory requirements of the basic general education program of preschool education

1. physical fitness;

2. physical perfection;

3. physical development;

4. physical education.

22. According to the Quality Standard for municipal services “Providing preschool education and upbringing” and “Maintaining a child in a preschool institution,” the average level of physical fitness of children should be:

1. 72 %;

2. 62%;

3. 52 %;

4. 42 %.

(Resolution of the Executive Committee of the Municipal Formation of Kazan dated June 30, 2009 No. 5257 on the approval of the Quality Standard for municipal services “Providing preschool education and upbringing” and “Maintaining a child in a preschool institution”)

23. Type of kindergarten that provides qualified correction of deviations in physical and mental development pupils, according to the Quality Standard of Municipal Services “Providing Preschool Education and Upbringing” and “Maintaining a Child in a Preschool Institution”,

1. combined;

2. compensating;

3. general developmental;

4. care and health improvement.

24. The total density of physical education classes should be:

1. 80 – 90%;

2. 70 – 80%;

3. 60 – 70%;

4. 50 – 60%.

25. Education, during which the training and upbringing of all children, regardless of their physical, mental, intellectual and other characteristics, is included in the general education system:

1. inclusive education;

2. education of children with disabilities;

3. pre-school education;

4. primary vocational education.

26. Teaching a child to move along a vertical wall is introduced:

1. from the third year of life;

2. from the fourth year of life;

3. from the fifth year of life;

4. from the sixth year of life.

27. A way of organizing children in physical education classes, ensuring continuity of actions and developing flexibility in children, the ability to move directly to performing other movements, and developing the ability to combine movements:

1. combined;

2. frontal;

3. in-line;

4. integrated.

28. The form of motor actions developed according to the mechanism of a conditioned reflex as a result of appropriate systematic exercises is:

1. motor skills;

2. motor skills;

3. motor abilities;

4. motor reflexes.

29. Reduced physical activity is

1. hypokinesia;

2. hypoxia;

3. physical inactivity;

4. adaptation.

30. Gymnastics, figure skating, diving are exercises:

1. with a unified movement structure;

2. for endurance;

3. with a relatively constant, but non-standard movement structure;

4. with changing traffic structure.

31. The maximum amount of air that a person can exhale after a maximum inhalation is

1. maximum oxygen consumption;

2. vital capacity of the lungs;

3. tidal volume;

4. breathing rate.

32. A system of classes with future parents, which involves the interaction of a preschool institution with mothers and their babies in line with early adaptation to a preschool institution, is the basis of a partial health program:

1 TO healthy family through kindergarten" T.V. Kovalenko;

2. “Fundamentals of the safety of preschool children” by R.B. Sterkina, O.L. Knyazeva, N.N. Avdeeva;

3. “Rhythmic mosaic” by A.I. Burenina;

4. “Keep up with physical education from kindergarten to school” N.V. Poltavtseva.

33. The main idea and feature of pedagogical technology by Popova M.N. "Towards each other":

1. a combination of dance, general developmental, and imitation movements that contribute to the creation of a musical and plastic image in the form of a sketch, plot dance or game exercise;

2. emotional rapprochement between an adult and a child in the process of motor play activities;

3. static stretches of the muscles of the body and the joint-ligamentous apparatus of the arms, legs, spine, which have a profound healing effect on the entire body;

4. all answers are correct.

(Children’s health is the health of the nation: Collection of conference materials, Compiled by M.N. Popov, St. Petersburg, 2008)

34. Joint physical education classes between parents and children within the framework of innovative pedagogical technology by Popova M.N. “Towards each other” it is advisable to carry out:

1. from the middle group 3-4 times a month;

2. from the first junior group 1-2 times a month;

3. with senior group 2-3 times a month;

4. from the second youngest group 2-4 times a month.

35. Are children who have had acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza and other colds exempt from physical education:

1. are completely released;

2. study as usual;

3. exercises that require great physical stress are excluded;

4. dosage is reduced.

36. Nurturing a child’s meaningful attitude towards physical exercise and outdoor games is the basis of the general pedagogical didactic principle:

1. the principle of scientific validity and practical applicability;

2. the principle of awareness and activity;

3. principle of accessibility;

4. the principle of developmental education.

37. Which of the following teachers proposed a four-stage structure of physical classes in kindergarten:

1. A.V. Keneman;

2. E.G. Levi-Gorinevskaya;

3. D.V. Khukhlaeva;

4. T.I. Osokina.

38. According to E.N. Vavilova, walking, exercises on vertical walls, and cycling are aimed at developing such physical qualities as:

1. strength;

2. flexibility;

3. endurance;

4. speed.

39. Define professional health as:

1. a measure of a person’s ability to act as an active and autonomous subject of his own life activity;

2. the body’s ability to maintain and activate compensatory, protective, regulatory mechanisms that ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the development of its personality;

3. mechanism of personal self-regulation;

4. a process that ensures progressive change, human evolution in new economic conditions.

40. Formation of motor abilities and skills, development of psychophysical qualities, development of motor abilities is:

1. health-improving tasks of physical education;

2. educational objectives of physical education;

3. educational tasks of physical education;

4. developmental tasks of physical education.

41. Who owns the words: “In a creative state, bodily freedom, the absence of any muscle tension and complete connection of the entire physical apparatus of the will..."

1. G.S. Altshuller;

2. L.S. Vygotsky;

3. L.M. Abolin;

4. K.S. Stanislavsky.

(Companion to the head of physical education of a preschool institution. Methodological manual for heads of physical education of a preschool institution. Edited by O.S. Filippova, St. Petersburg, 2007.)

42. The break between physical education classes should not be more than:

1. one day;

2. two days;

3. four days;

4. one week.

43. Motor density of morning exercises should be:

1. 65-80%;

2. 45-60%;

3. 70-80%;

4. 55-85%.

44. When drawing up a synopsis of a physical education lesson, first develop:

1. introductory part;

2. main part;

3. a set of game tasks;

4. complex of morning exercises.

45. In order to determine the child’s flexibility, the following is used:

1. shuttle run;

2. bending forward from a standing position;

3. bending forward from a sitting position;

4. wave-like movements of the hands.

46. The main requirement for the selection of outdoor games:

1. all exercises in games should be ahead of anatomical, physiological and psychological characteristics children;

2. select high-conflict games that cause too much gaming excitement;

3. physical and psychological stress in games, functional changes must correspond to the normal physiological curve;

4. all games must correspond to the child’s zone of proximal development.

47. The importance of developing a child’s motor skills is:

1. in the desire to perform movements;

2. in the emergence of new movements;

3. in ensuring the full psychophysical development of the child;

4. in improving the health of the child’s body.

48. The optimal motor stereotype is:

1. a list of the child’s movements;

2. the most economical complex of movements inherent to the individual, characterized by external and internal harmony of body movements;

3. a list of basic movements that need to be taught to a child in physical education classes;

4. independent motor activity of the individual.

49. What characterizes gymnastics as a means and method of physical education for preschool children:

1. physical activity;

2. use of methods and techniques appropriate to the child’s age;

3. a system of specially selected exercises that have a diverse effect on the body;

4. system of general developmental exercises.

50. What task does kinesiology perform:

1. develops muscle activity;

2. develops muscle control;

3. develops psychophysical functions;

4. develops the activity of brain structures.

(Physical education of preschool children in the preschool preparation system: Guidelines. – Kazan: RIC “School”, 2007.- 84 p.)

51. What positive characteristics characteristic of left-handed children:

1. high creativity;

2. increased physical activity;

3. advanced physical development;

4. successful orientation in time.

52. Choose the correct answer. Personal development is influenced by:

1. heredity, environment, upbringing;

2. heredity, training, development;

3. training, education; Wednesday;

4. all answers are correct.

53. A set of exercises necessary to prevent the phenomenon of “coordination inability”:

1. a set of exercises for eye-hand coordination;

2. a set of exercises for auditory-motor coordination;

3. complex of corrective gymnastics;

4. balance exercises.

54. Number of physical education classes with children who do not attend preschool educational institutions. according to the preschool education program,” ed. Shaekhova R.K.:

1. not provided for in the educational program;

2. three times a week;

3. once a week:

4. twice a week.

56. Optimal heart rate of a child of senior preschool age during physical education classes in kindergarten

1. 110-120 beats per minute;

2. 120-140 beats per minute;

3. 150-160 beats per minute;

4. 170-160 beats per minute.

57. Therapeutic physical culture is...

1. a method of nonspecific therapy that uses physical education to restore the patient’s health and ability to work, and prevent the consequences of the pathological process;

2. a branch of medicine that studies the rational use of physical culture and the changes that occur in patients under the influence of physical exercise;

3. the process of repeated physical exercises that help restore health, fitness, increase physical performance and other changes in the state of the body;

4. a set of correctional and developmental exercises aimed at improving the health of the child’s body.

58. The characteristics of human health, according to A. Maslow, are

1. developed ability to accept oneself, others and the world as a whole as they really are;

2. the ability to effectively perform a variety of social roles;

3. an age-appropriate level of maturity in the personal, emotional-volitional and cognitive spheres;

4. a person’s ability to consciously relate to the functions of his body.

(Mitina L.M. Professional activity and the health of the teacher: - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2005 - 368 p.)

59. The frequency of medical and pedagogical control during physical education classes in order to increase general and motor density:

1. once a quarter;

2. monthly;

3. after intermediate and final control;

4. at the discretion of participants in medical and pedagogical control.

1. Glazyrina L.D.

2. Zmanovsky Yu.F.

3. Efimenko N.N.

4. Kudryavtsev V.T.

61. The optimal air temperature in the gym in accordance with SanPiN is

a) 16-17 0С

b) 19-20 0С

c) 20-21 0С

d) 22-24 0С

62. The norm of motor activity of a child in organizational forms activity from the total volume of daily physical activity should be

a) at least 50%

b) at least 60%

c) at least 40%

d) at least 70%

63. In physical education classes, the task of a gradual transition from the excited state of the child’s body to a calmer solution is set

a) in the introductory part

b) in the main part

c) in the final part

d) in the introductory and final parts

e) in the main and introductory parts

f) in the main and final parts

64. An activity with one type of physical exercise (for example, skiing) is considered an activity

1) educational and training nature

2) playful nature

3) thematic nature

4) complex nature

65. Which ancient philosopher first expressed the idea of public preschool education?

1) Aristotle

2) Plato

3) Socrates

4) Democritus

66. Who is the founder of the theory and practice of preschool education?

1) M. Montessori

2) A.S.Simonovich

3) W. Frebel

67. When did the first kindergartens appear in Russia?

1) at the beginning of the 19th century

2) in the second half of the 19th century

3) during the years of Soviet power

68. The first educational institution in Russia that trained leaders for kindergartens in Russia was called

1) Higher courses for women

2) Bestuzhev courses

3) Froebel courses

4) Institute of Noble Maidens

69. Which of the following teachers considered the main task of education to be “the development of good habits and their proper direction”

1) K.D.Ushinsky

2) E.I. Vodovozova

3) L.N. Tolstoy

4) P.F.Lesgaft

70. In pedagogical literature, the understanding of play as a reflection of life was first expressed:

1) F. Frebel

2) K.D.Ushinsky

3) N.K. Krupskaya

4) D.B. Elkonin

1) E.A.Flerina

2) E.A.Arkin

3) K. Gross

4) J. Piaget

5) N. Krupskaya

6) A.S. Makarenko

7) S.L.Novoselova

72. Classification of toys, according to E.A. Flerina, is based on:

1) the method of their manufacture

2) type of material

3) method of use by children

4) type of games

73. Games included in the game classification of S.L. Novoselova:

1) computer games

2) educational games

3) construction games, educational games

4)household games

74. At what age stage of early childhood do children’s games acquire a plot-role character?

1)1 year

2) 1.5 years

3) 2 g.

4) 2.5 g - 3 g.

75. At what age are display games typical?

1) 1 year

2) 1.5 years

3) 2 years

4) 2.5 g - 3 g.

76. . Contents role-playing game is

1) an object, its use and modification by man

2) relationships between people carried out through actions with objects

3) reproduction between peers of those relationships that exist in the children's team

77. The child begins to convey his emotions and states in the drawing in:

1) 2.5 - 3 years

2) 3-4 years

3) 4-5 years

4) 5-7 years

78 It is recommended to start teaching children in preschool educational institutions in the form of classes:

1) from the third year of life;

2) from the fourth year of life;

3) from the second year of life;

4) from admission to the preschool educational institution.

79. The ability to create an object-game situation to realize one’s plan, using ready-made toys, attributive accessories, substitute objects, imaginary objects, game modules to indicate the event space of one’s game begins:

1) from three years of age;

2) from four years of age;

3) from five years of age;

4) from six years old.

80. The age of children at which the activity is situational, unintentional:

1) junior preschool age;

2) middle preschool age;

3) senior preschool age;

4) early preschool age.

81. According to V.I. Loginova, example, encouragement, punishment belong to the group of methods

1) formation of moral behavior

2) formation of moral consciousness

3) stimulating feelings and relationships

82. The need for communication with peers and the emergence of a children's community in a preschooler arises:

1) by three years;

2) by four years;

3) by five years;

4) by the age of six.

83. Which children belong to the fourth health group?

1. healthy children, with normal physical and neuropsychic development those who do not have chronic pathologies;

2. children who do not have chronic pathology and get sick more than 4-5 times a year;

3. children with congenital developmental defects or with chronic pathology in the compensation stage;

4. children with birth defects development or severe chronic pathology in the subcompensation stage

84. The ability for primary sexual identification is formed in:

1. 1.5-2 g;

2. 2-3 g;

3. 3-4 g;

4. 5-6 years

85. At what year of life does a child begin to independently systematize sensory standards:

1. in the seventh year of life;

2. in the fourth year of life;

3. in the fifth year of life;

4. in the sixth year of life.

86. The didactic principle of developmental education, substantiated by L.V. Zankov

a) the principle of awareness of the learning process

b) the principle of learning at a high level of difficulty

c) the scientific principle

d) the principle of visibility

87. Kyphosis of the spine is...

2. side bend;

3. forward bend;

4. no bending.

88. Scoliosis of the spine is...

1. bend directed backwards;

2. side bend;

3. forward bend;

4. no bending.

89. According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, every human being is considered a child until he reaches:

A. 16 years of age.

b. 18 years of age.

V. 14 years of age

12 years of age

90. Are information competence, knowledge of modern pedagogical technologies productive, differentiated training, implementation of a competent approach, developmental training with mandatory qualification requirements for the position of “educator”?

1 Yes

2. No

3. The requirement is presented differentiated from the profile educational activities and employee qualifications;

4. The unified qualification directory for positions of education workers does not contain this requirement