Presentation “Motor activity, child health and development. Presentation “Motor activity, health and development of the child” Presentation of the influence of physical activity in schoolchildren

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Motor activity is any muscular activity that allows you to maintain good physical shape, improve your well-being, and provide a surge of energy that provides an additional stimulus to life. It is well known that in the process of human evolution, changes in the functions of the body affected, to a greater or lesser extent, all human systems. The most significant changes have undergone the human psyche and the processes of its influence on the regulators of the vital functions of the body. Scientific and technological progress in the process of human evolution has constantly increased the amount of necessary information, i.e. the load on the mind, while at the same time the obligatory physical activity decreased. This led to a disruption of the balance system that developed in the human body over a million years ago.

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Over the course of thousands of years, the human body has developed the ability to meet an external stimulus (threat) by mobilizing physical reserves. Currently, the strength of stimuli is constantly increasing, physical forces (muscles) are brought into readiness for action, but it is not possible to realize them. Most of the physical activity is performed by machines for humans. We seem to be in a situation of constant readiness for an action that we are not allowed to perform, and the body eventually begins to experience Negative consequences such a state.

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An increase in emotional stress is inevitable (the flow of information is constantly growing), and physical exercise are constantly being reduced (labor mechanization). To create conditions for maintaining your health at the required level, you need physical education. A person must develop a constant habit of doing physical exercise in order to ensure a harmonious balance between mental and physical stress. This is one of the main parts of the individual system healthy image life.

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The most favorable time for its development is adolescence when there are no big life problems yet, and there are practically no objective obstacles to cultivating the necessary physical qualities. All you need is desire and perseverance to achieve your goal. Physical culture has always occupied a leading place in preparing a person for active, fruitful life. It can successfully solve the problem of disturbed balance between the strength of emotional stimuli and the realization of the physical needs of the body. This is the right path to strengthening spiritual and physical health.

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Physical education has an important impact on a person's ability to adapt to sudden and severe functional fluctuations. A person has a total of 600 muscles, and this powerful motor apparatus requires constant training and exercise. Muscular movements create a huge flow of nerve impulses sent to the brain, maintain the normal tone of the nerve centers, charge them with energy, and relieve emotional overload. In addition, people who constantly engage in physical activity look more attractive in appearance. Physical education is the best measure to prevent alcohol consumption, smoking and drug addiction.

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Training gives a person self-confidence. People who regularly engage in physical activity are less susceptible to stress, they cope better with worry, anxiety, depression, anger and fear. They are not only able to relax more easily, but also know how to relieve emotional stress with the help of certain exercises. Physically trained people are better able to resist illness, it is easier for them to fall asleep on time, they sleep more soundly, and they need less time to sleep. Some physiologists believe that every hour of physical activity extends a person's life by two to three hours.

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To confirm this, let us turn to the statements of great people of different eras about the importance of a person’s physical activity for his health: “Nothing depletes and destroys a person more than prolonged physical inactivity. Life requires movement” (Aristotle, ancient Greek philosopher). “Whoever perfectly combines gymnastics with music... we can rightly call him a completely harmonious person” (Plato, ancient Greek philosopher). "Gymnastics, physical exercise, walking should firmly become part of the daily life of everyone who wants to maintain efficiency, health, a full and joyful life” (Hippocrates, ancient Greek doctor). “Movement is the storehouse of life” (Plutarch, ancient Greek writer, historian).

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“Watch your body if you want your mind to work correctly” (R. Descartes, French philosopher, mathematician, physicist and physiologist). “Walking enlivens and inspires my thoughts. Remaining at rest, I can hardly think; it is necessary that my body is in motion, then the mind also begins to move” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French writer and philosopher). “A person can live up to 100 years. We ourselves, through our intemperance, our disorderliness, our ugly treatment of our own body, reduce this normal period to a much smaller figure” (I.P. Pavlov, Russian physiologist). I Summarizing all that has been said, we can conclude that in order to ensure a good level of health, every person must have a trained, flexible body capable of achieving real plans for work in the process of life.

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In everyday life, in professional activity And in sports, a person needs certain speed qualities. They characterize his ability to move at maximum speed, perform various jumps associated with body movement, conduct martial arts, and participate in sports games. The main means of developing speed qualities are exercises that require quick motor reactions, high speed and frequency of movements. This includes sprinting, standing and running long jumps, high jumps, etc.

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A person’s strength qualities characterize his ability to overcome external resistance or counteract it through muscle effort. The means of developing muscle strength are various strength exercises, which include exercises with external resistance and exercises with overcoming body weight. Exercises with external resistance may include exercises with weights, exercises with a partner, exercises with the resistance of elastic objects (rubber shock absorbers, various expanders, etc.), exercises with overcoming environmental resistance (running uphill, running on sand, snow, water and so on.). Exercises involving overcoming your own body weight may include gymnastic exercises (inversion lifting, pull-ups on the bar, push-ups while lying down and on parallel bars, rope climbing, etc.), athletics jumping exercises, exercises in overcoming obstacles on special training strips.

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The most important physical quality person, which he needs in Everyday life, professional activity and when playing sports, is endurance. Endurance is defined as the ability to maintain a given load necessary to ensure life activity and to withstand fatigue that occurs in the process of performing work. Endurance manifests itself in two forms: the duration of work in a given mode until the first signs of fatigue appear and the rate of decline in performance. There are two types of endurance: special and general.

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Maintaining and promoting health is an important part of preparing for labor activity And military service TOPIC: physical activity

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Questions for review Give the concept of biological rhythms? When is the best time to prepare lessons? When to exercise? Prevention of overwork How to avoid overwork?

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A person’s mental performance changes throughout the day Best period from 9 to 11 o'clock After rest from 16 to 17 o'clock Human physical performance is strongest from 8 to 12 o'clock and from 14 to 17 o'clock Weakest from 3 to 5 o'clock

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Motor activity Optimal motor mode - the most important condition healthy lifestyle. It is based on systematic physical exercise and sports, which effectively solve the problems of promoting health and developing the physical abilities of young people, maintaining health and motor skills, and strengthening the prevention of unfavorable age-related changes. At the same time, physical education and sports act as the most important means of education.

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Hypokinesia, physical inactivity, atrophic changes in muscles, social physical detraining, detraining of the cardiovascular system, decreased orthostatic stability, changes in water-salt balance, blood system, demineralization of bones, etc.

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Cardiovascular system: the strength of heart contractions decreases due to a decrease in venous return to the atria, the minute size, weight of the heart and its energy potential are reduced, the heart muscle is weakened, the amount of circulating blood decreases due to its stagnation in the capillaries. The tone of arterial and venous vessels is weakened, blood pressure drops, the supply of oxygen to tissues (hypoxia) and the intensity of metabolic actions (imbalances in the balance of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, water and salts) deteriorate.

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Respiratory system The vital capacity of the lungs and pulmonary ventilation, the intensity of gas exchange decreases.

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Brain: The absence of the necessary systematic physical exercise is associated with negative changes in the activity of the higher parts of the brain, its subcortical structures and formations; the general defenses of the body are reduced and increased fatigue occurs, sleep is disturbed, and the ability to maintain higher mental or physical performance is reduced.

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Muscle tone Muscle tone decreases, which leads to poor posture. Poor posture, in turn, leads to displacement internal organs. Externally, a decrease in muscle tone manifests itself in the form of muscle sagging. Reducing the load on the bone apparatus and deteriorating its nutrition leads to the release of calcium from the bones, which impairs their strength. As a result, bones become susceptible to deformation under the influence of loads, for example, when carrying heavy loads.

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Reproductive health Congestion develops in the pelvic organs with disruption of their function and, as a result, reproductive capacity decreases. There is a decrease in the functions of the endocrine glands, including a decrease in the release of adrenaline, a hormone that helps to successfully overcome stressful conditions. In a sedentary person, the need to stimulate adrenaline synthesis increases artificial methods through smoking tobacco, drinking alcohol, etc.

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Biological rhythms A monotonous sedentary state of the body uniformly leads to a smoothing of biological rhythms (daytime changes in pulse, temperature and other functions become less pronounced). The body's energy expenditure is significantly reduced and, as a result, the metabolic rate decreases, and body weight increases due to the fat component.

Syrovyatkina

Vladimirovna

Physical education teacher for junior schoolchildren

MAOU "Secondary School" No. 2

Verkhnyaya Pyshma

“Ensuring physical activity

students with poor health

means of physical culture"

“Taking care of health is a teacher’s most important job. Their spiritual life, worldview, mental development, strength of knowledge, depend on the cheerfulness and vigor of children.

self-confidence"

V. A. Sukhomlinsky.

Updating the problem

creating conditions to ensure physical

and mental well-being of every child

inclusion of parents in the educational process

to preserve and strengthen children's health

making independent decisions to strengthen

and control your health

Target:

health promotion

and activation of the child,

his motor abilities

and physical condition.

Solved Problems:

formation of basic motor skills;

formation of habit and interest in systematic

physical exercise;

training in self-control skills.

development of basic motor qualities;

protection and promotion of student health;

Health

Morning work-out

Exercise throughout the day

Physical education lessons

Sports activities

Daily regime

Hardening

Psychological comfort

Balanced diet

Health groups

Group I - healthy children

Group II - healthy children with morphofunctional

deviations

Group III - patients with chronic diseases

in the compensation stage

Group IV - patients with chronic diseases

in the stage of subcompensation

Group V - patients with chronic diseases

in the stage of decompensation

Complexes of gymnastic exercises

A good means of promoting health and prevention in physical education lessons are sets of gymnastic exercises with objects. Also in the classes, a lot of changes are used, exercises for coordination of movements, orientation in space.

Formation of correct posture

Prevention of scoliosis

The following exercises are used in physical education lessons:

to form posture,

prevention of scoliosis - i.e. mobilization of the spinal column,

(these exercises are performed in every lesson)

Prevention of flat feet -

the foot muscles are actively “working”

Prevention of obesity -

Mobility

musculoskeletal system -

active motor mode

regular physical training is carried out

Strengthening

of cardio-vascular system -

Breathing exercises

aerobic exercise

is of great importance in the health of a school-age child

Approximate sets of exercises for diseases of the cardiovascular system

SAMPLE

COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES

IN ILLNESS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The leading principle in working with students with poor health is a differentiated approach, dosing the load taking into account individual characteristics.

Approximate sets of exercises for kidney disease, nephritis, pyelonephritis

SAMPLE

COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES

IN DISEASE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Self-control

heartfelt

abbreviations

Along with general educational tasks in the course of classes, issues of healing and strengthening the body of students occupy a significant place.

At each lesson, students' heart rate (HR) is determined.

Self-analysis of the physical state of the body

Physical abilities
		1st half of the year	2nd half	1st half of the year	2nd half	1st half of the year	2nd half
Standing long jump (cm)
Run 30 m (sec)
Cross 1 km (min)
Hanging on the bar (sec)
Push-ups (number of times)
Jumping rope (number of times)
Press 30 sec (number of times)
Bend forward from a sitting position (cm)

Students complete self-reflection cards on their achievements every semester. Thus, the student learns to examine his activities and create motives for restructuring his learning activities, the student develops a desire to complete the work after he has understood and accepted the task, to teach students to constantly ask themselves: “Why is this?”, “What is required?” , “How do others do it?”, “How did they do it in class?”

Color the respiratory organs

working with correct inhalation.

Assemble the puzzle

It is already the 5th year since the Second Generation Standards were introduced and a third hour of physical education was added, it became necessary to conduct theoretical lessons. Such lessons are designed to create an atmosphere of success for each child. Where children with poor health can also fully demonstrate their skills and knowledge. Created in lessons comfortable conditions for the disclosure, implementation and development of students’ personal potential, health preservation and self-analysis. Presented are cards that were successfully created and tested in theoretical physical education lessons.

Verification work

Consequences of physical inactivity. The activity of the heart weakens; The activity of the heart weakens; Metabolism is disrupted, which is particularly manifested by the accumulation of excess body weight; Metabolism is disrupted, which is particularly manifested by the accumulation of excess body weight; Muscle tissue degenerates without sufficient exercise (dystrophy); Muscle tissue degenerates without sufficient exercise (dystrophy); The relationship between muscular and mental efforts is disrupted, which leads to excessive stimulation of the central nervous system. The relationship between muscular and mental efforts is disrupted, which leads to excessive stimulation of the central nervous system.

The effect of physical inactivity on metabolism. Changes energy metabolism; Calcium metabolism changes, calcium is washed out of the bones; Bones lose calcium; Bones become loose and less strong; Calcium enters the blood and settles on the walls of blood vessels.

The effect of physical inactivity on the skeleton. The elasticity of articular cartilage decreases; The elasticity of articular cartilage decreases; The amplitude of respiratory movements decreases; The amplitude of respiratory movements decreases; During movement, a small amount of joint fluid is released into the joint cavity, which plays the role of a lubricant. A small amount of joint fluid, which plays the role of a lubricant, is released into the joint cavity during movement.

Causes of poor posture Heredity; Heredity; Sedentary image life; Sedentary lifestyle; Incorrect sitting posture; Incorrect sitting posture; Uneven development of skeletal muscles; Uneven development of skeletal muscles; Excessive lifting of weights; Excessive lifting of weights; Incorrectly selected shoes. Incorrectly selected shoes.

Causes of flat feet. Heredity; Heredity; Incorrectly selected shoes; Incorrectly selected shoes; Prolonged walking or standing; Prolonged walking or standing; Disease of the legs with poor circulation. Disease of the legs with poor circulation.

The effect of physical exercise on the nervous system. During physical activity, the body produces endomorphins - joy hormones, which have an analgesic and calming effect. Reduce excess adrenaline and other stress-provoking hormones. Promotes speech development, mental performance and mental health.

Delay of coronary atherosclerosis Delay of coronary atherosclerosis Improves the process of gas exchange in the lungs Improves the process of gas exchange in the lungs Improves the conditions for the accumulation and rational expenditure of the body's energy Improves the conditions for the accumulation and rational expenditure of the body's energy Improves liver function Improves liver function Reduces cholesterol in the blood Reduces cholesterol in the blood Correction of many physical defects of the human body Correction of many physical defects of the human body The effect of systematic physical exercises. exercises

ENGINE
ACTIVITY
Head Department of Physics
culture, exercise therapy and
sports medicine
RostSMU, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
Kharlamov E.V.

"Does the child smile when he sees a new
toys, does Garibaldi laugh when
he is persecuted for his excessive love for
homeland, does Newton invent new
laws and writes them on paper, trembling
does the girl think about the first
date, always the end result
thoughts are one thing - muscular
movement"
I. M. Sechenov

Man is a particle of nature, its fruit and an integral part in the cycle of its constituent parts. Connection with the environment has been established

Spheres of the external environment affecting humans
Physical
environment:
Solar activity,
electromagnetic,
atmospheric fields
Production
Wednesday: Production and
human labor (conditions
labor, labor ecology)
Human
Social environment:
Human
society (socioeconomic
conditions) and man
(micro- and macroenvironment)
Biological
environment:
animal and
vegetable world)
Man is a part of nature, its fruit and integral
part in the cycle of its constituent parts. Connection with the environment
environment is established through the senses, reflex apparatus
soma, movements, through food, water, through
gas exchange, consumption of solar and other types of energy.
The body's response to changes occurring in the environment
biosphere, are carried out thanks to the nervous system by
corresponding reflexes

I.P. Pavlov noted that motor
activity serves as an important signaling
central factor nervous system
"...to five external analyzers we must
add extremely thin
analyzer - internal analyzer
motor apparatus, signaling
central nervous system each
moment of movement, position and tension
all parts of the body involved in movement"
I.P. Pavlov
Movement determines the relationship between musculoskeletal functions
systems with all systems of vegetative processes,
occurring in the body. Motor, sensory and
the vegetative zones of the cortex form unified system, through
which organizes the work of the underlying nerve centers
(breathing, blood circulation, metabolism, etc.) and is carried out
motor and autonomic regulation of organs and systems

Under
influence
physical
(or
others)
factors
impulse from the reflexogenic zone in encoded form
delivered along sensory afferent nerve fibers
to the centers of the brain. In the cortex as a result of this afferentation
is being formed
center
excitement,
which
dominant
affects other cortical centers located in the cortex
(vision, hearing), activating their activity. From the nerve centers
impulses are transmitted to the working organs (effectors), including
including skeletal muscles, skin, internal and endocrine
organs.
Basic humoral (chemical) changes in muscles, skin
converge to the formation of biologically active substances
histamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, various free
radicals, kinins. These substances enter the blood and cause
changes in the lumen of capillaries, blood viscosity, changes
transcapillary exchange,
enhance diffusion
gases,
tissue metabolism.
Physiological effect
folds up
With
one
sides
balance of metabolic processes in the centers of the cortex
brain and nodes of the autonomic nervous system, on the other
sides
improvement
blood circulation
V
system
microcirculation regionally both in the area of ​​influence (skin,
muscles and other adjacent tissues), and in general in the large
circle of blood circulation.

Schematic representation of motor-visceral
reflexes according to I.V. Muravov and M.R. Mogendovich

The feedback principle was developed by scientists I.P. Pavlov and
PC. Anokhin, N.A. Berstein
The basis for creating the concept of feedback was
scientific works of A.F. Samoilov on the “education” of the nervous system
skeletal muscles in phylogeny
Muscles make up 40-50% of the human body. During
evolutionary development function of muscle movement
subjugated the structure, functions and all life activity
other organs and systems of the body. Therefore he is very clear
responds both to a decrease in physical activity and to
heavy, overwhelming physical activity.
Under the influence of efferent impulses of the nervous system
is happening
reduction
skeletal
muscles.
Reverse
information (afferent) from contracting muscles
changes ("educates") the functional state of the nervous system
systems. Thus, a certain
morphofunctional dominant in the cerebral cortex

FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
ON P.K. ANOKHIN
Source
afferentation
(proprio, intero,
extero-receptors)
Cerebral cortex
brain
(center
excitement)
Reverse
connection
Effectors
(muscles,
internal
organs)
Subcortical
centers
vegetative
nervous system,
sensitive
centers

Functional system according to P.K. Anokhin

FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
ON P.K. ANOKHIN

The importance and significance of daily activities is justified in the doctrine of higher nervous activity:

IMPORTANCE AND SIGNIFICANCE
DAILY ACTIVITIES FIND
ITS RATIONALE IN THE TEACHING OF
HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY:
I.M.Sechenova
A.A. Ukhtomsky
I.P. Pavlova
L.A. Orbeli
PC. Anokhina
ON THE. Bernstein
M.R. Mogendovich

The tension created during
working day, can be withdrawn in a short time
term by another external stimulus –
physical exercises that
help to transfer excitement from
one area of ​​the cerebral cortex per
another, thereby creating rest
(inhibition of the first excitation)
The experiments of physiologist I.M. Sechenov showed
What in the best possible way is being restored
performance in active conditions
rest when the activity that caused
fatigue is replaced not by peace, but
activities of a different nature!
“Every living working system, as well as its individual elements,
must rest, recover... And the rest of such
the most reactive systems, such as cortical cells, should especially
be carefully guarded."
I.M.Sechenov

P.F. Lesgaft built a theory
physical education on close
connections between mental and physical
human development
He promoted the idea that
regular change of physical and
mental exercise "is
a powerful factor that reduces
fatigue and increased
performance"
P.F. Lesgaft was an opponent
passive rest from mental
classes
“... If ordinary functions are supplemented with special exercises,
add physical activity, you can achieve
improvement of organs in a given direction.”
P.F. Lesgaft

“Gymnastics, physical exercise, walking should firmly
enter the life of everyone who wants to preserve
performance, health, full and joyful
life"
Hippocrates (460-356 BC)
Father of Medicine - Ancient Greek Scientist
Hippocrates - lived about 104 years
He showed by his personal example that for
prolonging life and maintaining high
physical performance is necessary:
daily exercise, fresh air and
walks.
He also wrote an introduction to
practical medicine term
"Lifestyle"

Physical activity -

“The movement as such can, in its action, replace any
medicine, but all the remedies in the world cannot replace movement.”
Tasso Torquato (1544-1593)
MOTOR ACTIVITY is genetically determined in age
aspect the number of locomotions per unit
measurements (day, month, year)
Motor activity is a combination of various motor movements.
actions performed in everyday life, as well as organized
or independent physical education and sports.
Daily exercise can be considered
as training, which is the formation of motor
skills and expanding the functional capabilities of the body.
By creating a certain mode of physical activity, you can
partially regulate the morpho-functional development of the body,
influence its resistance to environmental factors

Structural diagram of motor activity
(M.A. Kalmykov, E.V. Kharlamov)

The norm of daily physical activity is one that fully satisfies the body’s biological need for movement and corresponding

THE NORM OF DAILY MOTOR ACTIVITY IS THE ONE THAT COMPLETELY SATISFIES
BIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT OF THE ORGANISM
MOVEMENTS AND COMPLIANCE WITH FUNCTIONAL
OPPORTUNITIES
Basic criteria for rationing daily allowance
motor activity:
dynamics of growth, development, condition indicators
health;
level of functional state of basic
organs, body systems;
degree of resistance;
frequency of diseases;
level and degree of harmony of physical
development

Scheme of the relationship between the boundaries of various motor activities

SCHEME FOR THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE BORDERS OF VARIOUS
MOTOR ACTIVITY
MNB - minimum
required size;
MDV - maximum
permissible value;
I- pathology;
II- hypokinesia – deficiency
movements;
III - hygienic standard;
IV-hyperkinesia excessive motor
activity;
V - pathology
MNB - minimum
required value = 150
minutes of moderate movement
activity per week.
Scientifically based motor volume
activities for students of student age
is 2.5 hours daily!

It is believed that the development, growth and aging of organisms is a process
approaching
To
final
stationary
condition,
accompanied
decrease
specific
speed
heat production (Prigogine-Wiam theory).
Thus, from a certain stage of ontogenesis occurs
continuous process of "aging" of the biosystem - decrease
heat production rate. The rate of "aging" is greatest at
early stages of development, the smallest - at the final stages
ontogeny. Reaching the final steady state
means death. Starting from the age of 25, a person has a decrease in specific
the rate of heat production is 3.0-7.5% every 10 years.
This phenomenon is based on changes in enzyme activity,
concentration of mitochondria in cells, etc. And this means that
individuals move towards their stationary state with
at different speeds, at at different ages crossing boundaries
"safe" level of health.
From these positions it is confirmed
“normal” diseases of old age (V. M. Dilman, 1988).
thesis
O

Dynamics of the level of somatic health
by decade of life (express assessment, score)
Age,
years
Health level
Men
Women
Max
Min
X
Max
Min
X
20-30
15
10
12,5
14
8
11,3
31-40
15
4
9,2
10
5
7,0
41-50
14
4
8,7
7
3
5,3
51-60
16
3
6,7
7
0
5,3
61-70
6
3
5,0
5
2
3,3
71-80
4
3
2,5
-
-
-
The table shows the typical dynamics of health levels,
determined by a rapid assessment system, in ten-year cycles.
Noticeable, firstly, is a natural decrease in the level of somatic
health with age and, secondly, the output of the average level assessment
health outside the “safe zone” (12 points) already in the fourth
decade of life.
By following the principles of a healthy lifestyle, an individual can
stay in the “safe” zone of physical health until the end
sixth decade of life.

Dependence of life expectancy (horizontal, years) on tempo
reducing the intensity of intracellular energy production (according to
vertical). BUZ - safe level of health, UEP - level
energy potential

Physical education and healthy lifestyle:

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND MANAGEMENT
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE:
provide practical solutions to issues related to
preserving and strengthening human health;
promote physical development, expansion
physical capabilities;
influence almost all aspects of life
person:
develop spiritual and moral qualities of the individual;
strengthen the motivation for her self-development;
carry out social adaptation;
help to respond adequately to stress factors
environment;
ensure the preservation and strengthening of health throughout
a person's entire life.

Active recreation should solve the following problems:

ACTIVE RECREATION SHOULD BE DECISIVE
THE FOLLOWING TASKS:
ensuring biological health standards
(permissible values ​​for maintaining strong
health and high performance: minimal
consumption physical energy 1800-2000 kcal/day,
maximum average 4500 kcal/day);
eliminating the disproportion between insufficient physical
activity and excessive mental and psychological
voltages by switching to high-quality
other type of activity;
increase in "safety margin" compared to
"usual" rate of expenditure of forces due to
health-improving physical culture.

Insufficient human activity (hypokinesia) is a characteristic feature of our time

“hyperkinesia - excessive physical activity;
“hypokinesia” - lack of movement;
“hypodynamia” is a violation of body functions (musculoskeletal system, blood circulation, breathing,
digestion) with limited physical activity,
decreased strength of muscle contraction
INSUFFICIENT ACTIVE
HUMAN ACTIVITY
(HYPOKINESIA) – CHARACTERISTIC
FEATURE OF OUR TIMES

Consequences of hypokinesia

CONSEQUENCES OF HYPOKINESIA
Violation of coherence in the work of the muscular system and
internal organs due to decreased intensity
proprioceptive impulses from skeletal muscles to
central apparatus of neurohumoral regulation (trunk
brain, s/c nucleus, cortex). With hypokinesia, the structure changes
skeletal muscles and striated muscles of the myocardium.
Immunological activity and the body's resistance to
overheating, cooling, lack of oxygen.
With prolonged hypokinesia, a decrease in muscle mass occurs
heart mass as a result of a decrease in the rate of synthesis reaction
protein, decreased systolic and increased diastolic
pressure, blood circulation regulation processes are disrupted.
Serious destructive processes occur in blood vessels,
physical inactivity develops.

Clinical physical inactivity

CLINICAL HYPODYNAMIA
includes several stages that determine the degree
inclusion of compensatory mechanisms depending on
load reduction measures
initial lack of sufficient physical activity
causes stimulation of the body's adaptive systems and
restructuring it to a new level of functioning. Externally
does not affect the functional state of the body
further
limitation
motor
activity
contributes to the emergence of serious functional
changes and contributes to the emergence of prepathological
condition. Characterized by: decreased nonspecific
resistance
body,
fast
fatigue,
a lag in the performance of physical skills, changes in
physical development
in some cases, the development of “asthenic syndrome” of the complex
disorders,
affecting
metabolism
locomotor apparatus, central nervous system activity, autonomic
functions and metabolic processes in the body (fit into
concept of hypokinetic disease).

Prevention of physical inactivity:

PREVENTION
HYPODYNAMIA:
strict implementation of hygienic
recommendations for daily routine
(UGG, PG), decrease in statistical
components in free time;
introduction of extracurricular forms of physical
education;
increase in the share of the dynamic component in
forms of physical education and academic
classes and work process;
promoting a healthy lifestyle, attracting
sports life and physical education
events.

Optimization of physical activity of an adult in modern conditions

PHYSICAL OPTIMIZATION
ACTIVITY OF AN ADULT IN
IN MODERN CONDITIONS

“The most important thing in the regime
maintaining health is
physical activity
exercises and then
food mode and sleep mode.
Moderately and promptly
practitioners do not need
in no treatment,
aimed at eliminating
diseases"
Avicenna (980-1037)

Forms of independent study

FORMS OF INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES
Morning hygienic exercises
Exercises during the school day - production
gymnastics
Self-study with health or
training focus
However, one of the main forms of classes is
independent work to accumulate knowledge, because knowledge,
understanding (and not memorizing) the essence of theoretical and methodological
material are of fundamental importance for the conscious and
active use of means and methods of physical
culture in organizing independent classes
physical exercise, in the course of daily life and
in high-quality and effective implementation
professional activity
Alongside training

Morning exercises

MORNING GYMNASTICS
In the morning after waking up from sleep
Exercises for all muscle groups, exercises for
relaxation, flexibility, swinging and breathing
exercises.
It is not recommended to perform static exercises
character, with weights, endurance
(long run until tired)
Follow the sequence: walking,
slow running (2-3 min), “pull-up” exercises
With deep breathing, flexibility exercises and
mobility for the arms, neck, torso and legs, exercises with
light dumbbells, various bends and straightenings in
jumping and standing, sitting, lying down, squats, jumping and
jumping jacks, relaxation exercises with deep
breathing (yoga exercises)
After performing gymnastics, it is recommended to do
self-massage and water procedures

Exercises during the school day

EXERCISES DURING THE SCHOOL DAY
During breaks between classes or independent studies
Prevents the onset of fatigue, promotes
maintaining high performance
Industrial gymnastics:
Introductory gymnastics – 6-8 exercises, for 5-7 minutes per
the beginning of the working/school day (the period is shortened
work rate per working day)
physical training breaks – 5-7 exercises for 5 minutes per
period of onset of fatigue to reduce fatigue
and increasing mental performance,
Physical education minutes – for 1-2 minutes, 2-3 general exercises
and local impact
micro-breaks of active rest,
small game forms during work breaks
(table tennis, billiards, darts, etc.),
sessions in psychophysical relaxation rooms

Independent training sessions

INDEPENDENT TRAINING LESSONS
Individually or in a group of 3-5 people. 2-7 times a week for 1-1.5 hours
The best time for training is the second half of the day, 2-3 hours after
lunch.
Structure of the training session:
1. Warm-up (25-30 min.)
- general (prepares functional systems body and ODA to
main work) Walking, slow running, general developmental exercises in
top-down sequences
- special (in-depth preparation of joints, ligaments, muscles and
functional systems to perform basic work)
2. Main part (45-55 min.)
Order: Speed ​​– Dexterity – Strength – Endurance
3. Final part (5-15 min.)
– ensures acceleration of recovery processes.
Low intensity exercises, breathing, swinging,
stretching and relaxation exercises.
After finishing classes, it is mandatory to perform hygienic measures (showers)

Leading principles of health-improving training sessions: The principle of the three “Ps”

LEADING PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH TRAINING ACTIVITIES:
THE THREE P PRINCIPLE
Sequence (from simple to
complex)
Gradual (increasing the load)
Consistency (daily exercise gives
highest growth rate
training effect)

Physical activity
affects brain function!
A group of scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that physical development
leads to beneficial changes in the brain
brain, in particular to improve the quality of white
substance that is responsible for signal transmission
neurons in its various parts.
Swedish scientists have concluded that regular
physical exercise not only helps to maintain
healthy body, but also avoid the development of dementia
and Alzheimer's disease in old age.

DID YOU KNOW THAT...
American scientists have found that walking in
in old age reduce the risk of heart attack by 11-50%.
Canadian scientists from Queen's University in Ontario
believe that if a person spends 2.5 hours weekly on
playing sports (20 minutes a day), then all other things being equal
circumstances, he will live longer than the one who goes with
laziness in life.

DID YOU KNOW THAT...
British scientists have proven that 38 minutes of moderate
exercise reduces the risk of uterine cancer by 44%.
Researchers from the University of Sherbrooke (USA)
found out that physical exercise raises
mood (stimulate production and slow down
breakdown of serotonin - a mood regulator)
American scientists have proven that morning jogging is not
only helps you get rid of extra calories, but also
tames appetite.
Taiwanese scientists have found that daily
Fifteen-minute exercise gives 3 years of life!

Example - educational method of exceptional
strength. Its impact is based on the known
patterns: phenomena perceived by vision,
quickly and easily captured.
The psychological basis of the example is
imitation.
In the process of imitation, psychologists distinguish
three stages:
the first is direct perception of the concrete
the manner of action of another person;
the second is the formation of a desire to act on
sample;
third – synthesis of independent and imitative
actions manifested in adaptation
behavior to the behavior of the idol.

For the personal development factor it is used as
criterion for professional development of personality
group presentation correlation index
students about the ideal personality of a doctor.
The Department of Physical Culture, Exercise Therapy and Physical Therapy can proudly talk about
reference model of a doctor using the example of doctors working
or who previously worked at Rost GMU and achieved success,
both in professional activities and on the path
sporting achievements. Can be listed as
example
Corresponding Member of the Academy of Medical Sciences P.P. Kovalenko (chess);
prof. – microbiology A.I. Pole (KMS - tennis
desktop);
prof. V.P. Terentyev (KMS – table tennis);
prof. V.P. Omelchenko (scuba diving);
prof. SOUTH. Ellansky (badminton);
Assoc. prof. doctor-teacher V.G. Bespalova (USSR MS – cycling);
Assoc. prof. S.P. Matua (KMS – table tennis);
Assoc. prof. A.V. Yevtushenko (KMS – table tennis);
doctor-trainer T.V. Prokhorov (Honored Trainer of the Russian Federation, MS
USSR – athletics).

One of bright examples: Professor
A.I.Polyak.
Academician of the New York Academy
Sciences and the International Academy of Ecology and Safety
vital activity, doctor of medical sciences, professor,
Head of the Department of Immunity and Allergology of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory with
1968 to 1999 Author of more than 500 scientific publications, 20
inventions, 2 patents. Published 30 methodological
letters. Co-author of 4 monographs, editor of 19 collections of scientific papers.
Participant of 25 World and European Congresses. In 1987 he organized
AIDS diagnostic laboratory. Was the chairman of the Rostov
departments of scientific societies of immunologists and gerontologists, associations
clinical immunologists and allergists. Repeated CHAMPION
table tennis area.
Residents Timoshenkova I.,
Chebotareva D. Collected
autographic data
.

Terentyev Vladimir Petrovich
One of the most striking examples:
Vice-rector for medical treatment
work, professor, doctor
medical sciences,
head of department
internal diseases,
therapist RO, cardiologist Southern Federal District
and at the same time a candidate
master of sports in
table tennis.
CHAMPION in team and
personal competition open
memorial tournament,
dedicated to memory
Professor A.I. Pole,
trade union championship
health workers
RO in table tennis.

“Personal example is not only the best, but the only way to persuade” A. Schweitzer

“PERSONAL EXAMPLE IS NOT EASY
THE BEST AND THE ONLY
METHOD OF PERSUASION"
A. SCHWEITZER
Teaching staff and
RostSMU employees are actively
participate in competitions.
Every year RostSMU hosts
participation in sports
workers festival
healthcare of the Southern Federal District and
Russia "Vigor and Health"

Under the auspices of the trade union

UNDER THE AUSPICES OF
TRADE UNION

Spartakiad of the teaching staff and staff of Rostov State Medical University

SPARTAKIAD OF PROFESSORAL TEACHING STAFF AND
ROSTGMU STAFF

Open memorial tournament in table tennis in memory of Professor A.I. Pole

OPEN MEMORIAL TOURNAMENT
TABLE TENNIS MEMORY
PROFESSOR A.I. POLE

G.I.Semenova (2010)

VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT IN MEMORY
G.I. SEMENOVA (2010)
The first open memorial tournament
volleyball in memory of G.I. Semenov (chief teacher of the department of physical education, exercise therapy and physical therapy
Kalmykova E.M.) was held from September 29
to October 2, 2010 and was dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Rostov State
medical university.

VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT IN MEMORY
G.I. SEMENOVA (2010)

Integration forms of mass sports work as the most democratic forms of social relations in physical culture: - military-pat

INTEGRATION FORMS OF MASS SPORTS
WORKS AS THE MOST DEMOCRATIC FORMS
SOCIAL RELATIONS IN PHYSICAL
CULTURE:
- MILITARY-PATRIOTIC FESTIVALS;
- TOURNAMENTS OF THE DAYS OF MILITARY GLORY OF RUSSIA;
- OPEN TOURNAMENTS-MEMORIALS
OUTSTANDING PERSONALITIES;
- INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL TOURNAMENTS
THE MOST AVAILABLE AND MASSIVE TYPES
SPORTS AMONG VARIOUS SOCIAL AND
AGE LEVELS OF THE POPULATION BASED ON
UNIVERSITY SPORTS COMPLEXES.

Military Sports Festival
defenders of the Fatherland

DARTS and other types of competitions

DARTS
AND OTHER KINDS
COMPETITIONS

RostSMU – Alma mater of darts on the Don

ROSTGMU – ALMA MATER DARTS ON THE DON
Our university is the very first in
region began to develop such
sport like darts (coach –
Krotov P.A., MS, chairman
Rostov regional
darts federation). And now we
not only achieved high
achievements in sports, but also
glorified the name of RostSMU
all over the country. Based on RostSMU
held since 1989
city ​​regional,
All-Russian and competitions
with international participation
darts

Russian Darts Championship

RUSSIAN CHAMPIONSHIP
DARTS SOFTWARE
Since 2004 RostSMU
constantly holds the Championship
Russia among students and
Russian Championship among
teaching staff and
university employees