What is the difference between insurance and general work experience? What is insurance experience

A person’s length of service plays an important role in calculating pension payments. The calculations take into account two main types of length of service: labor and insurance. Let's look at how they differ from each other and what impact they have on the size of the pension.

Many working citizens have heard about two types of length of service: labor and insurance. But not every person understands the difference between them, much less knows what specific role they play. Labor is the total duration of a person’s working activity, starting from the first entry in the work book and ending with the moment of retirement.

This includes not only the time that the employee contributed directly labor activity, but also:

Serving in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as in a number of paramilitary units - the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, the Federal Penitentiary Service.
Period of sick leave.
The time spent officially registered at the employment center as an unemployed person.
Leave to care for a young child.
Caring for a disabled person of the 1st group, a disabled child, an elderly person over 80 years old.

In addition to the general one, there is a special work experience. It is calculated for employees working in enterprises with harmful conditions, in the regions of the far north, in a number of paramilitary units.

Special experience gives the right to early retirement based on length of service (for the Armed Forces, Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB) or “hot net” (for workers in hazardous industries). Before the introduction of a new procedure for calculating pensions in 2002, the period length of service played a major role in calculating the size of pension payments: than more people worked for his life, the greater the pension he was entitled to.

After adoption in December 2001 new Federal Law No. 167, seniority began to gradually become a thing of the past, giving way to an increasingly important role to insurance.

It remains relevant only for people who began their working career before 2002.

The insurance period dates back to 1996, when such a concept first appeared in Russian pension legislation. This term refers to the period for workers to make contributions to the pension fund. Since January 1, 2002 Contributions to the Pension Fund have become mandatory for all employers with hired employees. For each citizen of the Russian Federation of working age, an individual account is opened in the pension fund, into which insurance contributions are received.

The base rate of contributions to the mandatory pension fund in 2020, according to Federal Law No. 306, is 22% of the amount wages. A person's insurance experience was initially measured in calendar months, and later a point accounting system was introduced. Along with savings part, insurance is the main criterion influencing the amount of pension payments since 2002. The insurance period includes the following periods in the life of an able-bodied person:

Working as a hired worker or employee.
State or municipal service.
Private enterprise, if at the same time contributions were paid under compulsory pension insurance.
Work as a deputy in parliaments at various levels - from the State Duma to the municipal assembly.
Serving in the army, police and other law enforcement agencies.
Staying in places of detention, subject to employment there.
Caring for a baby until he is one and a half years old.
Being registered with the employment service and receiving benefits.

As you can see, unlike the length of service, the insurance period does not include the period of a citizen’s education at a university.

At the same time, individual entrepreneurship and farming, which are not included in the length of service, are included in the insurance (if the individual entrepreneur made the appropriate payments).

Functions

The length of the insurance period has a direct impact on the calculation of pensions and sick leave benefits. Until 2015 The unit of calculation was the calendar month, and after that a point system was introduced. This was done to unify and simplify the calculations of mixed length of service, when a citizen worked part of the time until 2002, before the introduction of compulsory pension insurance.

Insurance period during sick leave

The amount of insurance payments also plays a decisive role. This dependence is presented below:

Does not exceed six months - the amount of hospital payments is equal to 1 minimum wage.
From six months to five years – 60% of salary.
From five years – 80% of salary

The exceptions are maternity benefits and benefits for work injuries.

In these cases, regardless of the insurance period, the employee is provided with benefits in the full amount of his monthly salary. Leave to care for small children is also fixed at 40% of wages.

Insurance experience and military service

Service in the armed forces differs from ordinary hired work in that no taxes or payments to state funds are collected from military personnel. Military personnel receive full pay. The question arises, since their employer (in this case, the RF Armed Forces) does not make any contributions to the PRF for soldiers and officers, does the insurance period not apply to them? This is by no means true: according to the provisions of Federal Law No. 400, army service is included here, however, falling under the definition of a non-insured event.

Other situations

Since 2015, the right to accrue minimum pension have persons who have worked for at least 6 years. From this moment on, the amount of insurance experience required for calculating pensions is increased by a year every year. This growth will stop only in 2024, reaching 15 years.

Thus, it is the length of the insurance period that will become the main criterion for determining the time of early retirement.

Current standards and legislative framework

All aspects of calculating the insurance period are regulated by relevant regulations.

Federal Law No. 27 (1996) – on the personal registration of each worker in pension system. The first legislative act that provides basic concepts about the insurance pension system.
Federal Law No. 165 (1999) – amended definition of the concept of “insurance period”.
Federal Law No. 167 (2001) – on compulsory pension insurance of citizens. It is the fundamental bill in accordance with which insurance deductions are made for compulsory health insurance.

There are also a number of additional laws regulating some special cases - Federal Law No. 400, which sets out the provisions on military personnel. Federal Law No. 255 (2006) on the procedure for calculating payments for temporary disability to employees.

Where is experience accounting applied?

Both types of length of service are taken into account by employees of the Russian pension fund when calculating pension payments to a person entering a well-deserved retirement. New pension reform, launched in 2015, the main unit for calculating pension payments is not months or rubles of savings, but points. The number of points accumulated directly depends on the time during which payments were made insurance premiums.

The later a citizen applies for a pension, the more points will accumulate in his account, and, accordingly, the larger the pension.

Addition of periods of labor and insurance experience

If part of a person’s work activity occurred before 2002, then the periods of labor and insurance experience are added together. According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1015, a citizen in such a situation must present to the pension fund a work book that contains records of the entire duration of his work activity. Pension Fund employees are counting labor points, based on the total length of work experience until 2002, after which they are indexed. The indexed points are added to those pension points that the employee accumulated after the entry into force of Law No. 167.

Conversion of periods of labor and insurance experience into full years and months

For translate different types experience in full years and months apply different techniques. For length of service, a scheme is used for adding up the entire time of work, starting from the date of hiring to the date of dismissal, inclusive. The insurance amount is calculated slightly differently, since the amount of payments covers the entire month, and not a single day. To do this, the specialist must perform several actions:

Set the number of full years and months of insurance experience. Days in partial months are taken separately.
Complete years and months are added separately, and partial days- separately.
Partial months are rounded up - every 30 days, converted into a full month, and 12 months - into an insurance year.

This rule was established in the official letter of the FSS No. 15.03.09 of 2012.

Attention! Due to latest changes in legislation, the legal information in this article may be out of date!

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IN Lately the concepts of insurance and work experience, as two combined, but different under certain circumstances, began to sharply worry Russians. Theoretically, work activity ends with retirement, and at the same time a new social status is acquired.

In practice, when preparing documents for payment, not only the time when a person worked, but also when insurance premiums were paid for him will be taken into account. These periods may be different for some older people, so they need to understand in advance how the length of service differs from the insurance period, and what role they play in calculating a pension.

Basic Concepts

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When determining rights to a pension benefit, not only the length of time a person worked officially throughout his life is taken into account, but also the periods when an enterprise or individual entrepreneur paid contributions to the Pension Fund, deducted from his earnings. These periods are called insurance period.

If during the working period, for example, a citizen of the Russian Federation worked abroad for some time, but insurance contributions were made to the Russian Pension Fund, then this length of service can be classified as insurance.

The total duration of the insurance period also includes periods when a citizen did not work due to certain circumstances, but received insurance benefits and made contributions to the Pension Fund during:

, this also applies to family members of military personnel when, due to the conditions of being in a military unit, they could not work (a period of no more than 5 years);
temporary disability due to illness;
maternity leave until reaching 1.5–3 years, and when caring for the third and subsequent children, the experience will not be considered insurance;
transfer to a place of work remote from the previous one (another city, region, country);
participation in public works;
the period when the citizen(s) were fired or laid off, were temporarily unemployed and were registered as unemployed;
stay in places of deprivation of liberty;
cared for disabled persons (disabled people, elderly parents, children older 3 years).

The insurance period also includes a period called special, when citizens work in conditions harmful to health, which is associated with the peculiarities of performing work duties, climatic and other circumstances. In this case, insurance contributions to the Pension Fund must be deducted.

Upon the onset of a period of temporary disability due to illness, caring for children or persons unable to work, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, citizens receive insurance payments. But, at the same time, deductions are made to the Pension Fund, so the length of service can be called insurance. The amount of the insurance benefit is calculated depending on the total length of service and the employee’s monthly salary.

Work experience refers to the period when an individual was officially engaged in labor or social activities. Having official work experience is a necessary condition for getting social benefits, such as insurance payments and pensions, which is provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The basis for the beginning and end of work experience is the conclusion between the employer and the employee of a contract or agreement on the basis of which labor duties or public work will be performed.

Despite the fact that there are differences between insurance and work experience, there are exceptions when the period can be called insurance experience, but at the same time the person did not work

No work was carried out, and contributions to the Pension Fund were deducted.
The citizen was in public service. This includes the entire period of time when he (s) was actively working in a government agency. In this case, the employee is entitled to a bonus for length of service, as well as additional time for rest and other benefits.
Special experience, which will be considered insurance and labor at the same time. This is the time when a citizen was engaged in labor activities associated with harmful conditions, which gives them the right by law to retire early.

The legislator believes that for calculating a pension, a total length of service of 5 years, but you should not count on large pension payments that the Pension Fund will assign. Each subsequent officially completed working year could potentially increase your pension benefits.

Continuous work experience refers to the length of time when an employee worked for one employer. But about 10 years ago, the legislator defined other requirements for the calculation of benefits for temporary disability and pensions, for which the concept of continuity of service has lost its meaning.

When calculating pension payments, there are still exceptions when continuous and insurance periods are compared with each other, and if it turns out that the insurance period is less than continuous, then the pension benefit will be calculated on a continuous basis.

This happens in cases where:

the break period between the new and old place of work is shorter 30 days according to the calendar;
the employee resigned due to at will for no apparent reason and got a job at another place of work, the break between work activities is no more 3 weeks;
the citizen resigned due to the transfer of the spouse to a place of work located in another city, region, or country;
a woman is forced to care for a disabled child until he reaches 16 year old age;
a woman takes out maternity leave;
the woman decided to care for the child until he reaches 14 years and she has a supporting document in the form of a medical certificate.

Addition of periods

An employee’s insurance period can be determined for the purpose of calculating pension payments in two ways:

Insurance periods for calculating a pension should be added up when the employee has several of them, each of them can consist of several years, months and days. Whatever whole parts the insurance periods consist of, years, months and days should be added together separately. In the data obtained, you should also select whole parts, for example, if there are 15 months, then you should add 1 more to the years, and leave 3 months. If, for example, you get 45 days, then you should select 30 of them as 1 month, which will be added to the months, leaving 15 days. The end result should look, for example, like this - 4 years, 8 months, 16 days.
When periods are converted into full years and months, i.e., full terms are allocated. Using this method, you should convert years and months into days, and add the latter. Then the resulting number of days must be divided by 30 (the number of days in a month), and the result by 12 (the number of months in a year). The result obtained may, for example, look like this - 4.76. In this case, the insurance period will consist of 4 years And 7–8 months. The method of isolating entire periods is not entirely accurate, so the first method is more often used - adding periods.

Proof

The presence of insurance experience must be documented, but initially you should find out whether the person was insured or not. While there is no pension insurance yet, documents issued by the employer or a state municipal body can serve as evidence for its registration. This is a labor record, which contains notes about all the workplaces where the citizen worked.

In other cases, when there is no book, you can use employment contracts, certificates, excerpts from orders, service records, references from places of work and other supporting documents.

When physical the person is already insured, then the confirming document will be an extract from the personal account with an individual number. Personal accounts are issued for specific citizens. The personal account keeps records of all insurance proceeds; the statement will confirm when and in what amounts contributions were made.

Based on this, you can determine the duration of the insurance periods, which is what is needed to calculate your pension. The document is received personally by the citizen in the Pension Fund at the place of residence.

What is the difference between work experience and insurance experience?

When calculating a pension, it is important to understand how the total length of service differs from the insurance period, which is taken into account for calculations. During this period, an employee who works officially pays contributions to the Pension Fund.

A document confirming the availability and duration total experience, or the totality of its periods is a work book. It is issued to every employee when he first officially gets a job.

In the document during the working life of the individual. a person is entered into data about the places where he is employed, positions held, reasons for dismissals or transfers to another organization, confirmed by orders for the enterprise. It is in the labor report that changes throughout the working life are clearly reflected.

The insurance period may also differ from the total working period when the subject received higher education, because during studies students do not make insurance contributions to the Pension Fund

It is most often impossible to determine the insurance length of service, because often subjects do not work, for example, they are registered with the Employment Center, but when receiving benefits or financial assistance, they make contributions to the Pension Fund. In this case, the length of service will be insurance, on the basis of which the subject will be entitled to pension payments.

On the contrary, if the subject has experience that is not included in the labor record for various reasons, in order to record it, you will need to submit supporting documents. But such length of service will not be considered insurance for the subject and will not be taken into account when calculating a pension if during this period the monthly amount of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund was lower than the generally accepted minimum wage at that time.

The presence of work experience plays a primary role in the financial security of a citizen, both during his active working life and during his years of retirement.

One of the types of length of service, that is, the time when a person is officially employed and the necessary contributions are sent to the pension fund for him, is insurance length of service.

Terms and Definitions

Under insurance experience one should understand the total duration of the periods (in total) when the citizen officially worked and insurance premiums were received by the Pension Fund for him.

It would be more accurate to expand this definition and, regardless of work activity, consider the insurance period as the total period when a citizen received insurance payments or taxes to the Pension Fund.

Included in the insurance period includes not only periods of labor activity, but also others:

These periods can be counted provided that before or after them the citizen worked officially (regardless of the duration). Insurance experience is calculated in the order of calendar time; if some periods coincide, at the choice of the citizen, one of them can be taken into account. This type of length of service does not include periods that a citizen has when establishing a pension according to the laws of a foreign state.

The presence of a large number of listed periods insurance experience different from labor. The first concept is broader and may include labor and other periods, while the second concept exclusively shows the time of a person’s official employment. Accordingly, the insurance period is usually longer than the actual work experience.

The very possibility of receiving such a benefit will be determined by the availability of the necessary length of service, and the amount of payment will directly depend on its duration:

if a citizen has 8 or more years of experience, he will be paid 100% of average earnings for sick leave;
if you have 5 to 8 years of experience, the citizen will receive 80% of the average salary;
with up to 5 years of experience, the payment will be 60% of average earnings;
if the employee’s work experience is less than six months, not more than one month (this also applies to maternity benefits).

It should be noted that a certificate of incapacity for work entitled to a woman for pregnancy and childbirth, with a work experience of at least six months, will always be paid in the amount of 100% of average earnings.

Nuances in various situations

From 2019, when determining the insurance period, close attention will be paid to the following nuances, which will now be taken into account for calculations:

the entire period of service in the armed forces or internal organs and other security forces. These years will be taken into account in full;
if a person was temporarily disabled and received benefits during this period, this period will also be included in the insurance period. Only it will need to be documented;
care for children up to 1.5 years, but no more than 6 years in total - in this case, the period cannot be higher than the upper specified limit and is accrued only to one of the parents;
the time when a person was not officially employed can now also be counted if for the entire period he was registered at the labor exchange and received unemployment benefits;
caring for a disabled child or a person over 80 years of age;
the period of detention, if the person’s innocence is proven, the entire period of stay will be credited to the person in full.

The specifics of calculations for representatives of Belarus, Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Armenia and a number of other countries of the former union are regulated by an international agreement within the framework of pension provision and is calculated individually for each specific case.

The insurance period for calculating sick leave is described in the following video:

The branch of the Russian Pension Fund for the Kostroma Region explains the difference between labor and insurance experience.
From January 1, 2015 from pension legislation The concept of “labor pension” is gone. It was replaced by two types of pensions: insurance and funded. Insurance pension Today it is the main type of pension in the Russian Federation.
One of the factors influencing the right to receive and the amount of an insurance pension is length of service. There is a distinction between insurance experience and general work experience. What is the difference between these concepts?
Insurance experience is the duration of periods of work for which insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of Russia were calculated and paid, as well as non-insurance periods. Such periods include, for example, military service, one parent caring for a child up to one and a half years old (but not more than six years in total), caring for a disabled person of group I, a disabled child or an elderly person over 80 years old by an able-bodied citizen, etc.
These periods are included in the insurance period if they were preceded and (or) followed by periods of work, regardless of their duration, during which insurance premiums were paid to the Pension Fund. If several periods included in the length of service coincide in time, then when assigning a pension, only one of them is taken into account at the choice of the citizen who applied for the pension.
Since 2015, pension rights of citizens for each working year have been recorded in individual pension coefficients, or as they are also called, pension points. When a pension is assigned, points are converted into rubles. For socially significant periods of life, which are also included in the length of service as non-insurance periods, points are also awarded.
Total length of service is the total duration of periods of work and other social useful activity until January 1, 2002.
Grade pension rights of insured persons as of January 1, 2002 is carried out by converting them into calculated pension capital. In this case, the option for assessing pension rights is used that allows the citizen to establish a pension in the largest amount.
Calculation of the duration of periods of work before January 1, 2002, included in the total length of service, is carried out in calendar order according to their actual duration. The exception is the periods included in the total length of service when assessing pension rights under paragraph 4 of Article 30 of the Federal Law of December 17, 2001 No. 173-FZ “On labor pensions V Russian Federation" Some periods of work before January 1, 2002 can be assessed as one year and a half, two years, three years. In addition, work during a full navigation period in water transport and work during a full season in organizations of seasonal industries are included in the length of service as a full year of work, regardless of the actual duration of these periods.

Imagine that you incorrectly calculated an employee’s length of service. The employee will receive less money than he should. In order not to offend employees and not violate the law, we will learn how to calculate the insurance period correctly.

Calculation of the insurance period may be necessary in two cases:

When calculating benefits for temporary disability or, as we used to call it, sick leave.
To assign a labor pension.

In these cases, the calculation procedure, periods and other details may differ. In the article we will analyze only the calculation of the insurance period for assigning sick leave.

The amount of sick pay depends on length of service

The amount depends on the employee’s insurance experience:

if the employee’s insurance period is from 6 months to 5 years, then he should be paid 60% of average earnings;
from 5 to 8 years - 80%;
more than 8 years - 100%.

Rules for calculating insurance experience

The insurance period is the period when the employee worked and the employer transferred insurance contributions for him to extra-budgetary funds.

Mandatory condition: you can include a certain period in the calculation of the insurance period only if insurance premiums were paid for the employee during this period.

The rules and procedure for calculating insurance experience are defined in the Rules for calculating and confirming insurance experience to determine the amount of benefits for temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, approved. Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 02/06/2007 No. 91 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules for calculating the insurance period).

Do not confuse insurance experience with work experience - these are different concepts

Work experience is the duration of exclusively labor activity, which is carried out on the basis of an employment contract.

For example, an employee who will be awarded temporary disability benefits was an individual entrepreneur in certain years. There was no employment contract, but during this period the individual entrepreneur paid insurance premiums for himself. Discrepancy: there is no employment contract and, as a result, there is no entry in the work book either, but there are deductions for the period. When assigning a benefit to an employee, this period can be counted into the insurance period, provided that he provides documents, for example, a certificate from the territorial office of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation.

Documents confirming insurance experience

The main document confirming periods of work is a work book.

But what if the information in the labor record is incorrect and inaccurate, or there are no records at all about individual periods of work? Then, to confirm the periods of work, the following are accepted:

written employment contracts drawn up in accordance with labor legislation in force on the day the relevant legal relationship arose;
certificates issued by employers or relevant state (municipal) bodies;
extracts from orders;
personal accounts and payroll statements.

If a work book is not kept, periods of work according to employment contract are confirmed by a written employment contract, drawn up in accordance with the labor legislation in force on the day the relevant legal relationship arose.

There are special cases - nannies, entrepreneurs, military personnel, etc.

The list of documents on the basis of which it is possible to confirm the length of service for various cases is given in section II of the Rules for calculating and confirming the insurance period (approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 02/06/2007 No. 91).

Example

Situation: the employer required the newly hired employee to provide documents that could confirm that previous employers paid insurance premiums from payments in favor of this employee. Should an employer really require such documents?

Solution: in paragraph 8 of the rules for calculating and confirming insurance experience, approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 02/06/2007 No. 91, a list of documents is indicated that can be used to confirm insurance experience. There are no documents listed here that can confirm that previous employers paid insurance premiums for the employee. Accordingly, it is not necessary to require these documents from a new employee.

Employer actions:

Check the availability of documents that can be used to determine the periods included in the insurance period (work book, employment contracts, etc.).
Now you can count your insurance period.

How to calculate the insurance period if an employee refuses a paper work book

Periods of insurance coverage for sick leave

The insurance period includes:

periods of work under an employment contract;
periods of state civil or municipal service;
periods of other activities during which a citizen was subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity.

Calculation of insurance period for sick leave

Periods of work (service, activity) are counted in calendar order based on full months (30 days) and a full year (12 months). Every 30 days of these periods are converted into full months, and every 12 months of these periods are converted into full years (clause 2, section III of the Rules for calculating and confirming the insurance period).

If the periods of work (service, activity) included in the insurance period coincide in time, one of such periods is taken into account at the choice of the insured person, confirmed by an application indicating the period selected for inclusion in the insurance period (clause 22 of the Rules for calculating the insurance period) .

An example of calculating insurance experience

Let's calculate the insurance period for employee Igor Plyushkin to calculate temporary disability benefits. The employee brought sick leave for the period from August 10 to August 15, 2017. Work book details:

from January 1, 2012 to July 20, 2012, Plyushkin worked at Progress LLC;
from July 22, 2012 to August 25, 2014 - at Vector LLC;
from August 26, 2014 to August 29, 2014 - at Horizont LLC;
From September 1, 2014 to the present, he has been working at Prima LLC.

from 01/01/2012 to 07/20/2012 - 0 year 6 months. 20 days;
from 07/22/2012 to 08/25/2014 - 2 years 1 month. 4 days;
from 08/26/2014 to 08/29/2014 - 0 year 0 month. 4 days;
from 09/01/2014 to 08/09/2017 - 2 years 11 months. 9 days
Total: 5 years 7 months. 7 days
Igor Plyushkin’s insurance experience is 5 years 7 months 7 days; accordingly, when calculating benefits, the average daily earnings must be multiplied by 80%.

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